Summary
Two packing materials, C18 and PLRP-S, are studied for on-line trace enrichment of phenolic compounds in water. Various precolumns of different internal diameter are also tested and the addition of an ion-pair reagent to increase retention and thus, breakthrough volumes of phenolic compounds, is studied. Best results are obtained when a PLRP-S precolumn is coupled on-line with a C18 analytical column and DAD detector. Addition of TBA considerably increases breakthrough volumes. In contrast, when a C18 precolumn is used, breakthrough volumes are lower and it is impossible to determine TCP and PCP, under the experimental conditions used, because of interference of other nonpolar compounds in the samples. The performance of the system is evaluated with river and tap water and the preconcentration of 10 ml of sample in a PLRP-S precolumn involves a linear range between 1 μg 1−1 and 20 μl−1 and limits of determination between 0.5 μg l−1 and 1 μg l−1 are obtained.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. A. Realini, J. Chromatogr. Sci.13, 124 (1981).
J. D. Le Roux, Municipal Engineer, July 19 (1988).
D. A. Baldwin, J. K. Debowski, Chromatographia26, 186 (1988).
C. P. Ong, H. K. Lee, S. F. Y. Li, J. Chromatogr.464, 405 (1989).
Drinking Water Directive 80/778/EEC, Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, 1980.
Updated comments by Eureau on Revision of the Drinking Water Directive 80/778/EEC. EUREAU. Brussels, 1993.
Guidelines for drinking-water quality, Vol. WHO. 2ond Ed. Geneve, 1993.
J. Ruana, I. Urbe, F. Borrull, J. Chromatogr.655 (1993) 217.
I. Liska, A. Kuthan, B. Krupcik, J. Chromatogr.609, 123 (1990).
C. Borra, A. Di Corcia, M. Marchetti, R. Samperi, Anal. Chem.58, 2048 (1986).
E. Pocurull, M. Calull, R. M. Marcé, F. Borrull, Chromatographia38, 579 (1994).
E. R. Brouwer, I. Liska, R. B. Geerdink, P. C. M. Frintrop, W. H. Mulder, H. Lingeman, U. A. Th. Brinkmann, Chromatographia32, 445 (1991).
C. E. Werkhoven-Goewie, W. M. Boon, A. J. J. Praat, R. W. Frei, U. A. Th. Brinkman, C. J. Little, Chromatographia16, 53 (1982).
I. Liska, E. R. Brouwer, H. Lingeman, U. A. Th. Brinkman, Chromatographia37, 13 (1993).
P. Subra, M. C. Hennion, R. Rosset, R. W. Frei, J. Chromatogr.456, 121 (1988).
M. W. F. Nielen, PhD Thesis, “Selective on-line precolumn sample handling and trace enrichment in liquid chromatography”, Free University of Amsterdam, 1987.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pocurull, E., Marcé, R.M. & Borrull, F. Liquid chromatography of phenolic compounds in natural water using on-line trace enrichment. Chromatographia 40, 85–90 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02274612
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02274612