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Chronology of the pressure patterns at the 50mb-level in the Northern Hemisphere

Chronologie von Typen der Monatskarten der 50mb-Fläche auf der Nordhalbkugel

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Summary

Chronology is made by using monthly mean topography charts of the 50mb-level in the Northern Hemisphere during ten years from 1956 to 1965. The patterns are divided into two groups: winter and summer types. They are, subclassified into three types:W 1,W 2, andW 3 in winter, and two types,S andS′, in summer. The results indicate that they have a fairly regular annual march: June, July and August are a summer type, and the other nine months are a winter type. The chronology revealed a periodic secular change; that is, theW 2-,W 3- andS(III)-types prevail every other year. It is indicated that the periodicity is closely connected to phenomena such as the sudden warming in the polar stratosphere in winter and the 26-months' oscillation of tropical stratospheric zonal wind.

Zusammenfassung

Die Verfasser haben eine Chronologie der Monatskarten der 50mb-Fläche der Nordhalbkugel für die Zeit vom Januar 1956 bis Dezember 1965 zusammengestellt. Diese Topographien werden in Winter (W)-Typen mit polarem Tief und in Sommer (S)-Typen mit polaren Antizyklonen eingeteilt und weiter in Untergruppen vonW 1-,W 2-,W 3-,S- undS′-Typen klassifiziert. DerW 1-Typ stellt einen Übergang zwischen Sommer- und Wintertypen dar. DerW 2-Typ ist ein Wintertyp mit dem Hochdruckgürtel in mittleren Breiten südlich von 40°N. DerW 3-Typ ist ein Wintertyp mit einem gut entwickelten polaren Wirbel. BeimS-Typ liegt über dem Nordpol ein Hoch mit Ostwinden auf der ganzen Nordhalbkugel. BeimS′-Typ liegt ein Hoch über oder nahe dem Nordpol, wobei die Isolinien nicht konzentrisch verlaufen. DerS′-Typ stellt einen Übergang vom Winter zum Sommer dar. DieS-Typen treten in den Monaten Juni bis August auf und dieW-Typen in den übrigen Monaten. Bemerkenswert ist, daßW 2-,W 3- undS(III)-Typen sich vorwiegend nur in jedem zweiten Jahr entwickeln. Diese Erscheinung wird im Zusammenhang mit plötzlichen stratosphärischen Erwärmungen im Winter mit der 26-monatlichen Periode der Zonalwinde in der tropischen Stratosphäre und mit anderen Phänomenen in Zusammenhang gebracht.

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Author notes

  1. Masatoshi M. Yoshino

    Present address: Department of Geography, Hosei University, Setagaya-ku Ohara 1-12-7, Tokyo, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Hosei University, Setagaya-ku Ohara 1-12-7, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoshitaka Fukuoka

  2. Department of Geosciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan

    Masatoshi M. Yoshino & Yoshitaka Fukuoka

Authors
  1. Masatoshi M. Yoshino
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  2. Yoshitaka Fukuoka
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Yoshino, M.M., Fukuoka, Y. Chronology of the pressure patterns at the 50mb-level in the Northern Hemisphere. Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl. B. 19, 251–266 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02253552

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02253552

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