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Host resistance to ticks (ACARI: Ixodidae) in different breeds of cattle at Bako, Ethiopia

Resistance De L'hote Aux Tiques (ACARI: Ixodidae) Chez Differentes Races De Betail A Bako, Ethiopie

Resistencia En Diferentes Razas De Ganado Vacuno A Garrapatas (ACARI: Ixodidae) En Bako Ethiopia

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Summary

European cattle breeds are being introduced into Ethiopia in an effort to improve the productivity of indigenous breeds. The Ethiopian cattle breeds Horro and Boran were compared for tick burdens with their crosses with Friesian, Jersey and Simmental. Horro animals had the lowest tick burdens and the Horro × Friesian the highest. Adaptation to their environment and long-term natural selection for tick resistance in Horro cattle is the most likely explanation.

Repeatability of tick burdens in all animals considered as one herd were only statistically significant forBoophilus decoloratus, the most abundant tick species. Statistically significant correlations between burdens of femaleB. decoloratus, Amblyomma cohaerens andRhipicephalus praetextatus were observed and the addition of the males resulted in all inter-species correlations becoming significant.

Care should be taken when crossing Ethiopian with more productive European cattle breeds in order not to lower their tick and disease resistance.

Résumé

Des races bovines européennes sont actuellement introduites en Éthiopie dans le but d'accroître la productivité des races indigènes. Ainsi, les races Horro et Boran ont été comparées du point de vue du taux d'infestation par les tiques avec les produits de levi croisement avec les races Frisonne, Jersiaise et Simmenthal. Les animaux de race Horro avaient le taux d'infestation le plus bas et le croisement Horro × Frisonne le taux le plus elevé. L'explication la plus vraisemblable de ces résultats est l'adaptation du bétail Horro à son environnement en meme temps qu'une sélection naturelle de longue date à la résistance aux tiques. La répétabilité de la pression ixodienne chez tous les animaux considérés comme formant un troupeau unique, n'a été statistiquement significative que pourBoophilus decoloratus, espèce la plus abondante. Les auteurs ont observé des corrélations statistiquement significatives entre les taux de charge relatifs aux femelles deBoophilus decoloratus, Amblyomma cohaerens etRhipicephalus praetextatus. La prise en compte des mâles a eu pour effet de rendre significative toutes les corrélations inter-espèces. Il faut donc prendre des précautions lors de croisement du bétail éthiopien avec des races européennes plus productives afin de ne pas diminuer leur résistance aux tiques et aux maladies.

Resumen

Ganado de raza europea estan siendo introducidos en Etiopia en un esfuerzo de mejorar la produccion de las razas indigenas. Las razas etiopes Horro y Boran fueron comparadas por sus cargas de garrapatas con sus cruzas con Friesian, Jersey y Simmental. El ganado Horro mostró las cargas mas bajas y las cruzas con Friesian las mas altas. La adaptacion al medio ambiente y la seleccion a largo plazo de este tipo de ganado es la explicacion mas probable de los resultados.

La repitabilidad de las cargas de garrapatas en todos los animales agrupados en un rebaño fueron estadistícamente significativas paraB. decoloratus, la garrapata mas abundante. Correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las cargas de hembras deBoophilus decoloratus, Amblyomma cohaerens y Rhipicephalus praetextatus fueron observadas y la adicion de los machos resulto en que todas las correlaciones entre especies se volvieron significativas.

Se debe tener cuidado cuando las razas de ganado etiopes se cruzan con las mas productivas razas europeas para no reducir su resistencia a las garrapatas y enfermedades.

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Ali, M., de Castro, J.J. Host resistance to ticks (ACARI: Ixodidae) in different breeds of cattle at Bako, Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod 25, 215–222 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02250871

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