Summary
The soil and atmospheric boundary layers, considered as a coupled, non-steady state, heat-moisture transfer system, is analyzed to examine the effects of soil moisture variations upon the temperature distributions of the air layer near the ground and the underlying soil. The exchange coefficient for the air is approximated by the Keyps formula; the soil diffusion equations follow the theory of Philip [8]; a method described by Möller [7] is used to treat the long wave radiation; and global radiation is obtained using a procedure first outlined by Philipps [10].
The results of this analysis are subsequently compared with actual data collected in the Great Plains Turbulence Project by Lettau and Davidson [4] and with the model of Sasamori [15] which is partly based upon the constant flux assumption. It is found that reasonable variation in the soil moisture content gives non-negligible variations of the temperature profile in the atmosphere as well as in the soil. Results, however, are not critically different from each other. The specification of the soil type can be of greater importance than the description of soil moisture which is hardly ever known.
Zusammenfassung
Wärme- und Feuchtefluß in den Grenzschichten des Erdbodens und der Atmosphäre werden als gekoppeltes, nicht-stationäres Gleichungssystem erfaßt. Die numerische Lösung des Systems führt auf die hier zu untersuchende Temperaturverteilung der bodennahen Luftschicht und des Erdbodens. Der Luftaustausch wird mittels der Keyps-Formel erfaßt, während die Diffusionsgleichungen des Erdbodens sich auf die Theorie von Philip [8] stützen. Die langwelligen und globalen Strahlungsströme werden nach Methoden berechnet, die von Möller [7] und Philipps [10] skizziert wurden.
Resultate werden mit Meßdaten des Great-Plains-Turbulence-Projektes von Lettau und Davidson [4] sowie mit dem Sasamorischen Modell [15] verglichen, welches zum Teil auf der sogenannten Constant-Flux-Annahme beruht. Es wird gefunden, daß vernünftige Variationen der Bodenfeuchte nicht-vernachlässigbare Variationen in den Temperaturprofilen des Erdbodens und der bodennahen Luftschicht hervorrufen. Die Resultate weichen jedoch nicht kritisch voneinander ab. Eine sachgerechte Erfassung des Erdbodentypus kann von größerer Wichtigkeit sein als die Beschreibung der Bodenfeuchte, die meist nur ganz ungenau bekannt ist.
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U. S. Air Force.
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Zdunkowski, W.G., Paegle, J. & Reilly, J.P. The effect of soil moisture upon the atmospheric and soil temperature near the air-soil interface. Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl. A. 24, 245–268 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245367
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245367