References
Arom KV, Edwards JE (1976) Relationship between right ventricular muscle bundles and pulmonary valve. Significance in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.Circulation 54 (suppl 3, no. 6):79–82
Azia KU, Olley PM, Rowe RD, Trusler GA, Mustard WT (1975) Survival after systemic to pulmonary arterial shunts in infants less than 30 days old with obstructive lesions of the right heart chambers.Am J Cardiol 36:479–483
Bharati S, McAllister HA Jr, Chiemmongkoltip P, Lev M (1977) Congenital pulmonary atresia with tricuspid insufficiency: morphologic study.Am J Cardiol 40:70–75
Bryan CS, Oppenheimer EH (1969) Ventricular endocardial fibroelastosis. Basis for its presence or absence in cases of pulmonic and aortic atresia.Arch Pathol 87:82–86
Buckberg GD (1977) Left ventricular subendocardial necrosis.Ann Thorac Surg 24:379–393
Bulkley BH, Weisfeldt ML, Hutchins GM (1977) Isometric cardiac contraction. A possible cause of the disorganized myocardial pattern of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.N Engl J Med 296:135–139
Cole RB, Muster AJ, Lev M, Paul M (1968) Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.Am J Cardiol 21:23–31
Cooper N, Brazier J, Buckberg G (1975) Effects of systemic-pulmonary shunts on regional myocardial blood flow in experimental stenosis.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 70:166–176
Davignon AL, Greenwold WE, Dushane JW, Edwards JE (1961) Congenital pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Clinicopathologic correlation of two anatomic types.Am Heart J 62:591–602
Dobell ARC, Grignon A (1977) Early and late results in pulmonary atresia.Ann Thorac Surg 24:264–274
Essed CE, Klein HW, Krediet P, Vorst EJ (1975) Coronary and endocardial fibroelastosis of the ventricles in the hypoplastic left and right heart syndromes.Virchows Arch [Pathol Anat] 368:87–97
Fontan F, Baudet E (1971) Surgical repair of tricuspid atresia.Thorax 26:240–248
Freedom RM, Harrington DP (1974) Contributions of intra-myocardial sinusoids in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum to a right-sided circular shunt.Br Heart J 36:1061–1065
Freedom RM, Culham G, Moes F, Olley PM, Rowe RD (1978) Differentiation of functional and structural pulmonary atresia: role of aortography.Am J Cardiol 41:914–920
Freedom RM, Dische MR, Rowe RD (1978) The tricuspid valve in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. A morphological study of 60 cases.Arch Pathol Lab Med 102:28–31
Freedom RM, White RI Jr, Ho CS, Gingell RL, Hawker RE, Rowe RD (1974) Evaluation of patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum by double catheter technique.Am J Cardiol 33:892–895
Gale AW, Danielson GK, McGoon DC, Mair DD (1979) Modified Fontan operation for univentricular heart and complicated congenital lesions.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 78:831–838
Graham TP Jr, Bender HW, Atwood GF, Page DL, Sell CGR (1974) Increase in right ventricular volume following valvulotomy for pulmonary atresia or stenosis with intact ventricular septum.Circulation 49 & 50 (suppl 2):69
Haworth SG, Shinebourne EA, Miller GAH (1975) Right-to-left interatrial shunting with normal right ventricular pressure.Br Heart J 37:386–391
Kanjuh VI, Stevenson JE, Amplatz K, Edward JE (1964) Congenitally unguarded tricuspid orifice with coexistent pulmonary atresia.Circulation 30:911–917
Kauffman SL, Anderson DH (1963) Persistent venous valves, maldevelopment of the right heart, and coronary artery-ventricular communications.Am Heart J 66:664–669
Lauer RM, Fink HP, Petry EL, Dunn MI, Diehl AM (1964) Angiographic demonstration of intra-myocardial sinusoids in pulmonary-valve atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic right ventricle.N Engl J Med 271:68–72 (1972)
Lenox CC, Briner J (1972) Absent proximal coronary arteries associated with pulmonic atresia.Am J Cardiol 30:666–669
McKay R, de Leval MR, Rees P, Taylor JFN, Macartney FJ, Stark J (1980) Postoperative angiographic assessment of modified Blalock-Taussig shunts using expanded polytetrafluorethylene (Gore-Tex).Ann Thorac Surg 30:138–145
Moulton AL, Bowman FR Jr, Edie RN, Hayes CJ, Ellis K, Gersony WM, Malm JR (1979) Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Sixteen-year experience.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 78:527–536
Olley PM, Coceani F, Bodach E (1976) E-type prostaglandins. A new emergency therapy for certain cyanotic congenital heart malformations.Circulation 53:728–731
Parisi-Buckley L, Dooley KJ, Fyler DC (1975) Pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum in New England [abstr].Circulation 52 (suppl 2):225
Patel RG, Freedom RM, Bloom KR, Rowe RD (1978) Truncal or aortic valve stenosis in functionally single arterial trunk. A clinical, haemodynamic and pathologic study of six cases.Am J Cardiol 42:800–809
Patel RG, Freedom RM, Moes CAF, Bloom KR, Olley PM, Williams WG, Trusler GA, Rowe RD (1980) Right ventricular volume determinations in 18 patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. Analysis of factors influencing right ventricular growth.Circulation 61:428–440
Rao PS, Liebman J, Borkat G (1976) Right ventricular growth in a case of pulmonic stenosis with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic right ventricle.Circulation 53:389–394
Rigby MD, Silove ED, Astley R, Abrams LD (1977) Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Open heart surgical correction at 32 hours.Br Heart J 39:573–575
Rudolph AM, Heymann MA, Fishman N, Lakier JB (1975) Formalin infiltration of the ductus arteriosus. A method for palliation of infants with selected congenital cardiac lesions.N Engl J Med 292:1263–1268
Trusler GA, Yamamoto N, Williams WG, Izukawa T, Rowe RD, Mustard WT (1976) Surgical treatment of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.Br Heart J 38:957–960
Uhl HSM (1952) A previously undescribed congenital malformation of the heart: almost total absence of the myocardium of the right ventricle.Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 91:197–205
Van Praagh R, Ando M, Van Praagh S, Senno A, Hougen TJ, Novak G, Hastreiter AR (1976) Pulmonary atresia: anatomic considerations in the child with congenital heart disease after surgery. In: Kidd BSL, Rowe RD (eds)The child with congenital heart disease after surgery. Futura, Mt Kisco, New York, pp 103
Zuberbuhler JR, Anderson RH (1979) Morphological variations in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.Br Heart J 41:281–288
Zuberbuhler JR, Allwork SP, Anderson RH (1979) The spectrum of Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 77:202–211A0946015 00003 CS-SPJRNPDF [HEADSUP]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Freedom, R.M. The morphologic variations of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: Guidelines for surgical intervention. Pediatr Cardiol 4, 183–188 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02242253
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02242253