Skip to main content
Log in

National leadership for children and youth with serious emotional disturbance: Progress and prospects

  • Published:
Journal of Child and Family Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Despite the federal mandate to identify and provide appropriate educational and related services to children and youth with serious emotional disturbance (SED), the national profile portrays exceptionally low rates of identification; unacceptably low rates of school completion; high rates of placement in segregated environments; evidence that economic and demographic factors substantially affect identification, placement, and school completion; and a mixed, although mostly discouraging picture of outcomes after leaving the educational system. Recent national leadership, comprised of strategic planning, research, and demonstration initiatives has attained considerable momentum and is intended to improve outcomes for children with SED. Significant changes are anticipated as a result of the upcoming reauthorization of the statute governing special education and related services. These changes reflect a 20 year perspective regarding the benefits and shortcomings of current eligibility criteria and discretionary initiatives for improving outcomes for children with disabilities. The manner in which these changes may affect prospects for better serving children with SED is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders. (1994). Spotlight on Inclusion Continues—Executive Committee approves position statement on inclusion within a continuum of service delivery options. CCBD Newsletter, 8, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Council for Exceptional Children. (1994).Fiscal year 1995 federal outlook for exceptional children: Budget considerations and CEC recommendations. Reston, VA: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coutinho, M. J., & Oswald, D. P. (1996). Identification and placement of students with serious emotional disturbance. Part II: National and state trends in the implementation of the least restrictive environment provision.Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 4, 40–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coutinho, M., Denny, R. K., & Repp, A. C. (in press). Enhancing the meaningful integration of children with Disabilities: Perspective, trends, and implications for research and practice. In M. Coutinho & A. C. Repp (Eds.),Enhancing the integration of children with disabilities. Pacific Grove, CA: Brook/Coles.

  • Cullinan, D., Epstein, M. H., & Kauffman, J. M. (1984). Teachers' rating of students behaviors: What constitutes behavior disorder in schools?Behavior Disorders, 10, 9–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, M., Kinder, D., & Bursuck, B. (1989). The academic status of adolescents with behavioral disorders.Behavioral Disorders, 14, 157–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • ERIC/OSEP Special Project. (1994).Innovation and development in special education: Directory of current projects. Reston, VA: Council for Exceptional Children.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foley, R. M., Cullinan, D., & Epstein, M. (1990). Academic and related functioning of mainstreamed and nonmainstreamed seriously emotionally disturbed students. In R. B. Rutherford, Jr., & S. A. DiGangi (Eds.),Severe behavior disorders of children and youth (Vol. 13, pp. 80–89). Reston, VA: Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glassberg, L. A. (1994). Students with behavioral disorders: Determinants of placement outcomes.Behavioral Disorders, 19, 181–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, D., & Fuchs, L. (1994). Inclusive schools movement and the radicalization of special education reform.Exceptional Children, 60, 294–309.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoagwood, K. (1993). Child and adolescent services research at the National Institute of Mental Health: Research opportunities in an emerging field.Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2, 259–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), U.S.C., Title 20, 1400 et seq. Formerly titled the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, originally enacted as P. L. 94–142 (1975).

  • Institute of Medicine. (1989).Research on children with mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders, Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman, J. M. (1993).Characteristics of emotional and behavioral disorders of children and Youth. Columbus, OH: Merrill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knitzer, J., Steinberg, Z., Fleisch, B. (1991).At the schoolhouse door: An examination of programs and policies for children with behavioral and emotional disorders. New York, NY: Bank Street College of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koyanagi, C., & Gaines, S. (1993).All systems failure: An examination of the results of neglecting the needs of children with serious emotional disturbance. Alexandria, VA: The National Mental Health Association and The Federation of Families for Children's Mental Health.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leone, P. E., & McLaughlin, J. J. (1995). Appropriate placement of students with emotional and behavioral disorders: Emerging policy options. In J. M. Kauffman, J. Lloyd, & T. Astuto (Eds),Issues in the educational placement of pupils with emotional and behavioral disorders. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Laurence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • McInerney, M., Kane, M., & Pelavin, S. (1992).Services to children with serious emotional disturbance. Washington, DC: Office of Policy and Planning, U. S. Department of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin, M. (1994).Issues and options: School-linked services. College Park, MD: The Center for Policy Options in Special Education, University of Maryland at College Park.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows, N. B., Neel, R. S., Scott, C. M., & Parker, G. (1994). Academic performance, social competence, and mainstream accommodations: A look at mainstreamed and nonmainstreamed students with serious behavioral disorders.Behavioral Disorders, 19, 170–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melaville, A. I., Blank, M. J., & Asayesh, G. (1993).Together we can. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education & U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U. S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center for Education Statistics. (1993).Digest of education statistics. Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institute for Mental Health. (1990).National plan for research on child and adolescent mental disorders. (DHHS Publication No. ADM 90-1683). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Mental Health Association (1989).Invisible children project: Final report and recommendations of the invisible children project. Alexandria, VA: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Mental Health Association and The Federation of Families for Children's Mental Health. (1993).The guide for advocates for system failure. Alexandria, VA: National Mental Health Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, C. M., & Pearson, C. A. (1991).Integrating services for children and youth with emotional and behavioral disorders. Reston, VA: The Council for Exceptional Children.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, D., & Coutinho, M. J. (1995). Identification and placement of students with serious emotional disturbance. Part I: Correlates of state child-count data.Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 3, 224–229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, D., & Coutinho, M. J. (in press). Leaving school: State by state trends and the impact of state economic and demographic factors on the basis of exit for students with serious emotional disturbance.Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 3, 224–229.

  • Rock, E. E., Rosenberg, M. S., & Carran, D. T. (1995). Variables affecting the reintegration rate of students with serious emotional disturbance.Exceptional Children, 61, 154–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenblatt, A., & Attkisson, C. C. (1993). Integrating systems of care in California for youth with severe emotional disturbance. III: Answers that lead to questions about out-of-home placements and the AB377 evaluation project.Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2, 119–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruhl, K. L., & Berlinghoff, D. H. (1992). Research on improving behaviorally disorders student's academic performance: A review of the literature.Behavioral Disorders, 17, 178–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, B. H. & Leroux, J. (1994). Educational environments for the pupil with behavioral disorders.Behavioral Disorders, 19, 192–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, S. A., Lakin, K. C., Brauen, M. & O'Reilly, F. (1990).The study of programs of instruction for handicapped children and youth in day and residential facilities. Washington, DC: US Department of Education and Mathematica Policy Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tompkins, J. (1971). Preface. In N. J. Long, W. C. Morse, & R. G. Newman (Eds.),Conflict in the classroom: The education of children with problems (2nd Edition, p. ix). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Education. (1992).Fourteenth Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Education. (1993).Fifteenth Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Education, OCR (Office of Civil Rights). (1993).Revised data circulated to individuals who attended the Forum on Disproportionate Participation of Students from Ethnic and Cultural Minorities in Special Education. Convened by Project FORUM at NASDSE, Alexandria, VA, July.

  • U.S. Department of Education. (1994a).National agenda for achieving better results for children and youth with serious emotional disturbance. Washington, DC: Author and Chesapeake Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Education. (1994b).Sixteenth Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Education. (1995).Improving the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: IDEA reauthorization. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, M., Newman, L., D'Amico, R., Marder, C., Newman, L., & Blackorby, J. (1992).What happens next? Trends in postschool outcomes of youth with disabilities. The second comprehensive report from the National Longitudinal Transition Study of Special Education Students. Menlo Park, CA: SRI International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, M. (1991).Dropouts with disabilities: What do we know? What can we do? Menlo Park, CA: SRI International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, M., Newman, L., D'Amico, R., Jay, E. D., Butler-Nalin, P., Marder, C., & Cox, R. (1991).Youth with disabilities: How are they doing? The first comprehensive report from the National Longitudinal Transition Study of Special Education Students. Menlo Park, CA: SRI International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, M. (1989).Youth with disabilities during transition: An overview of descriptive findings from the national longitudinal transition study. Palo Alto, CA: SRI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warr-Leeper, G., Wright, N. A., & Mack, A. (1994). Language disabilities of antisocial boys in residential treatment.Behavioral Disorders, 19, 159–169.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Coutinho, M.J., Denny, R.K. National leadership for children and youth with serious emotional disturbance: Progress and prospects. J Child Fam Stud 5, 207–227 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02237944

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02237944

Key Words

Navigation