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Lactational performance of jersey cows given Napier fodder (Pennisetum purpureum) with and without protein concentrates in the semi-humid tropics

Performance De Lactation Des Vaches Jersiaises Nourries Avec Du Fourrage DePennisetum Purpureum (Herbe De Napier) Additionne Ou Non De Concentre Proteinique En Region Tropicale Semi Humide

La Funcion Lactacional De Vacas Jersey Alimentadas Con Pasto Napier (Pennisetum Purpureum) Con Y Sin Concentrados Proteicos En Los Tropicos Semi-Humedos

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Summary

Two experiments with 12 and 18 lactating Jersey cows respectively were carried out in the coastal semi-humid zone of Kenya to assess the performance arising from the feeding of chopped Napier fodder(Pennisetum purpureum) givenad libitum with and without one of three sources of protein; fishmeal, copra cake and freshly cut Leucaena(Leucaena leucocephala). Each source supplied approximately 300 g crude protein daily. Dry matter intakes of Napier fodder fed alone averaged 7·1 and 5·5 kg in Experiments 1 and 2 respectively. Additional protein did not affect Napier fodder intake, but total intakes of dry matter were higher for the cows receiving the protein supplements, differences which were significant(P<0·05) in Experiment 2. Average daily milk production from cows fed Napier fodder alone was 6·4 and 4·2 kg in Experiments 1 and 2 respectively. The additional 300 g crude protein increased milk production by 1·0 to 1·6 kg/day, increases which, except that for fishmeal, were significant(P<0·05). Weight losses of the cows were either reduced or changed to weight gains by the provision of protein. The results are assessed in relation to the energy and protein requirements for milk production.

Résumé

Deux expériences, comportant respectivement 12 et 18 vaches Jersiaises en lactation, ont été conduites en zone côtière semi-humide du Kenya afin d'étudier les performances résultant d'une alimentation au fourrage haché dePennisetum purpureum donnéad libitum. Les rations étaient accompagnées ou non de trois sources de protéines: farine de poisson, tourteau de coprah etLeucaena leucocephala fraîchement coupée. Chaque source apportait approximativement 300 q de protéines brutes par jour. La quantité de fourrage d'herbe de napier consommée seule atteignait en moyenne 7,1 et 5,5 kg, respectivement, dans les expériences 1 et 2. Le complément protéinique ne modifiait pas la prise de fourrage dePennisetum purpureum, mais les consommations globales, exprimés en matière sèche, étaient plus élevées pour les vaches en bénéficiant. Les différences étaine significatives pourP<0,05 dans l'expérience 2. La production moyenne journalière de lait des vaches nourries exclusivement au fourrage deP. purpureum était de 6,4 et 4,2 kg dans les expériences 1 et 2, respectivement. Les 300 q de complément protéinique brut augmentaient la production quotidienne de lait de 1,0 à 1,6 kg, chiffres significatifs (P<0,05) à l'exception de la farine de poisson. Les pertes pondérales de vaches étaient soient réduites soit inversées en gain de poids par la distribution de protéines. Ces résultats sont évaluées par rapport aux besoins énergétiques et en protéines requis pour la production laitière.

Resumen

Se Ilevaron a cabo dos experimentos con 12 y 18 vacas Jersey en lactación, respectivamente, en la zona costera semi-húmeda de Kenia, para estudiar la producción de leche resultado de la alimentación con pasto napier picado (Pennisetum purpureum) ad libitum, con o sin una de tres fuentes protecias: harina de pescado, torta de copra yLeucaena leucocephala cortada fresca. Cada fuente, suplió aproximadamente 300 g de proteína cruda diariamente. El consumo de materia seca (MS) de pasto napier solo promedió 7·1 y 5·5 kg en el experimento 1 y 2, respectivamente. La proteína adicional no afectó el consumo de napier, pero el consumo total de MS fue más alto en las vacas con suplemento proteico, diferencias que fueron significativas (P<0·05) en el experimento 2. La producción promedia de leche de las vacas que consumieron napier solo, fue de 6·4 y 4· 2 kg en experimentos 1 y 2 respectivamente. Los 300 g de proteína cruda incrementaron la producción de 1·0 a 1·6 kg/día, incrementos que, excepto en el case de la harina de pescado, fueron significativos (P<0·05). Las pérdidas de peso de las vacas se redujeron, o aumentaron de peso con el suplemento proteico. Los resultados se avalan en relación con los requerimientos energéticos y proteicos para la producción de leche.

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Muinga, R.W., Thorpe, W. & Topps, J.H. Lactational performance of jersey cows given Napier fodder (Pennisetum purpureum) with and without protein concentrates in the semi-humid tropics. Trop Anim Health Prod 25, 118–128 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02236519

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