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The influence of vertical stratification on continental shelf circulation

Der Einfluß der vertikalen Schichtung auf die Zirkulation in Schelfgebieten

L'influence de la stratification verticale sur la circulation du plateau continental

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Summary

The accepted estimator of the influence of stratification in continental-slope modelling is the parameterS defined by

$$S = N^2 H^2 /f^2 L^2 $$

, whereN andf are the buoyancy and inertial frequencies, respectively, andH andL are the depth and length scales. An analytic wind-forced, constant-eddy-viscosity model indicates that, on the continental shelf, for a given eddy viscosity, stratification will be important only ifS is close to 1 and the forcing frequency is close to that of internal waves with half-wavelengthL. This result suggests that, in many instances, continental-shelf circulation can be accurately simulated with a barotropic (but not depth-averaged) model, in which stratification appears only parametrically, through its influence on the eddy viscosity.

Zusammenfassung

Der allgemein anerkannte Schätzwert für den Einfluß von Schichtung in der Modellierung des Kontinentalabhanges ist der ParameterS, der definiert ist als

$$S = N^2 H^2 /f^2 L^2 $$

, wobeiN undf die Stabilitäts- bzw. Trägheitsfrequenz undH undL die Wassertiefe und die Längenskala darstellen. Ein analytisches windgetriebenes Modell mit einem konstanten Viskositätskoeffizienten deutet darauf hin, daß im Schelfgebiet für einen gegebenen Wert der Viskosität Schichtung nur dann von Bedeutung ist, wennS in der Größenordnung von 1 ist und die Frequenz der Anregung in der Nähe der internen Welle mit der halben WellenlängeL liegt. Das Ergebnis deutet darauf hin, daß in vielen Fällen die zirkulation in Schelfgebieten mit einem barotropen, jedoch nicht tiefengemittelten, Modell genau simuliert werden kann, in dem die Schichtung durch ihren Einfluß auf die Viskosität lediglich parametrisiert auftritt.

Résumé

On admet que l'estimateur de l'influence de la stratification dans la modélisation des phénomènes liés à la pente continentale est le paramètreS défini par:

$$S = N^2 H^2 /f^2 L^2 $$

, ouN etf sont respectivement les fréquences de flotabilité et d'inertie etH etL les échelles de profondeur et de longueur. Un modèle analytique forcé par le vent, ayant un coefficient de turbulence constant, indique que sur le plateau continental, pour un facteur de turbulence donné, la stratification sera importante seulement siS est voisin de 1 et la fréquence de forçage est voisine de celle des ondes internes ayantL comme demie-longueur d'onde. Ce résultat suggère que dans de nombreux cas la circulation sur le plateau continental peut être simulée de façon précise par un modèle barotrope mais non moyenné par rapport à la profondeur dans lequel la stratification n'apparaît que sous forme paramètrique à travers son influence sur le coefficient de turbulence.

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Craig, P.D. The influence of vertical stratification on continental shelf circulation. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 42, 215–230 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02226295

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