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Morphological alterations associated with HIV infection of CD4−/GalCer+ human intestinal epithelial cells

  • Part III. HIV Infection Of Epithelial, Endothelial And Dendritic Cells
  • Published:
Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Design

Summary

The ultrastructural alterations induced by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the human colon epithelial cell line HT-29 infected in vitro have been evaluated. These cells express high levels of galactosyl ceramide (GalCer), an alternative receptor for HIV-1 surface envelope glycoprotein gp120. Using immunolabelling for electron microscopy and immunofluorescence techniques, we detected the GalCer receptor in both the apical and basolateral membranes of differentiated HT-29 subclones. This nonpolar distribution is consistent with our previous observation that HIV infects both the apical and basolateral surfaces of epithelial cells in vitro. A transmission electron microscopy study demonstrated two major ultrastructural perturbations in the HIV-producing cells: (i) an unusual number of secretory granules; and (ii) the appearance of intracellular lumina with disorganized microvilli, indicating a defect in striated border assembly and differentiation. In addition to these morphological alterations, our study revealed the presence of fat vacuoles, concentric membranous bodies, tubuloreticular inclusions and giant mitochondria in the cytoplasm of HIV-infected cells. Taken together, these abnormalities could account for HIV-induced enteropathy, consisting of chronic diarrhea and malabsorption in the absence of enteric pathogens.

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Author notes

  1. Nouara Yahi & Jacques Fantini

    Present address: Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie de la Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de St. Jérôme, CNRS URA 1820, F-13397, Marseille Cédex 20, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Pathologie Comparée, CNRS URA-INRA 1184, Case courrier 101, Université Montpellier II ‘Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc’, F-34095, Montpellier Cédex 5, France

    Stephen Baghdiguian

  2. CNRS URA 1455, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Boulevard Pierre Dramard, F-13916, Marseille Cédex 20, France

    Nouara Yahi & Jacques Fantini

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  1. Stephen Baghdiguian
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  2. Nouara Yahi
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Baghdiguian, S., Yahi, N. & Fantini, J. Morphological alterations associated with HIV infection of CD4−/GalCer+ human intestinal epithelial cells. Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Design 5, 73–82 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02174003

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02174003

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