Summary
The “turning to wood” of the cell wall, in which it can replace cellulose and pectin, which occurs in the bast fibres of flax and hemp seldomer, in others oftener, is a metabolic phenomenon dependent upon the race, age, and external conditions. It takes place in general (apart from special cases) in the oldest portions of the wall, although lignin can spread still further, and even beyond the cell wall. Its formation in the bast fibres, furthermore, does not have to go parallel with the formation of lignin (turning to wood) in the stalk. The turning to wood of the bast fibres stands in close connection with the capability for retting of the stalk, because this presupposes the pectins in the wall.
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Tobler, F. Über die Verholzung von Bastfasern. Experientia 5, 398–401 (1949). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02165023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02165023