Résumé
58 échantillons de sol sont collectés dans des parcelles cultivées en blé du Centre et de l'Ouest de la France. Ces sols sont répartis en pots, infestés ou non par une souche agressive ou hypoagressive deGaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici et cultivés en blé pendant 3 mois. Les plantes sont alors arrachées pour appréciation du niveau de maladie et mesure du volume de racines développées dans chaque sol. L'analyse en composantes principales réalisée sur ces variables biologiques et les caractéristiques physicochimiques des sols montre que le niveau de la maladie observé est corrélée négativement avec le niveau potassique et la teneur en sable, corrélé positivement avec la teneur en limon. Dans certains sols il a pu être constaté un développement plus important du système racinaire à la suite de l'infestation par l'un ou l'autre des champignons et l'analyse révèle que ce phénomène est en étroite relation avec la teneur en manganèse échangeable.
Summary
Fifty-eight samples of soil were collected from wheat fields in central and west France. Bioassays were carried out with these soils, infested by a virulent strain ofGaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici or by a hypovirulent one, or not infested. A crop of wheat was grown on these samples for three months in pots. Thereafter, the plants were taken from the pots and the disease index and the root volume produced in each soil sample were assessed. A principal component analysis between these biological variables and physicochemical characteristics of the different soils showed that the disease index was negatively correlated with sand and potassium levels, positively correlated with silt level. In some soils, infestation by either the virulent or the hypovirulent strain induced a more important development of the root system than in the uninfested control, while there was a very good correlation between this effect and the manganese content of the soil.
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Lucas, P., Nignon, M. Influence du type de sol et de ces composantes physicochimiques sur les relations entre une variété de blé (Triticum aestivum L. var. Rescler) et deux souches, agressive et hypoagressive deGaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) von Arx et Olivier var.tritici Walker. Plant Soil 97, 105–117 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02149829
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02149829
Mots clés
- Analyse en composantes principales
- Développement racinaire
- Indice de maladie
- Pietin echaudage
- Types de sol