Summary
Hansenula bimundalis occurs in a line of heterothallic species that have coniferous trees for their habitats. This yeast is the last of its phylogenetic line to be isolated from nature exclusively as haploid vegetative cells. The next species above it, as the genus is at present constituted, isHansenula wingei Wickerham, which occurs in nature as both diploid and haploid vegetative cells. Some of them do possess the sexual agglutination process, others do not.H. bimundalis is not sexually agglutinative, but the species has stronger sexual reactions than its variety. In the laboratory, opposite sexes of the species mate more quickly and more abundantly, besides producing more ascospores and more diploid vegetative cells than the variety; the species also depends less upon tubes to effect conjugation. Although all strains of the variety conjugate with strains of the species, the hybrid zygotes do not produce ascospores. All nine strains of the species assimilate D-arabinose, but none of the five strains of the variety do. Evidently individuals of a common ancestral species became separated geographically some millions of years ago, the itinerant group developed into the species, and the indigenous ancestor developed into the variety. The perfect species and its variety have been placed inHansenula, and the separate mating types have been placed in the imperfect genusCandida. Latin descriptions of all four taxa have been included in this paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature
Lanjouw, J., chmn. (1961). International code of botanical nomenclature adopted by the 9th International Botanical Congress, August 1959. Kemink en Zoon N.V., Utrecht, Netherlands.
Phaff, H. J. &M. Yoneyama (1961).Endomycopsis scolyti, a new heterothallic species of yeast. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, J. microbiol. Serol.27 196–202.
Wickerham, L. J. (1951). Taxonomy of yeasts. 1. Techniques of classification. 2. A classification of the genusHansenula. U. S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 1029, 56 p.
Wickerham, L. J. (1956). Influence of agglutination on zygote formation inHansenula wingei, a new species of yeast. C. R. Trav. Lab. Carlsberg. Sér. physiol.26 423–443.
Wickerham, L. J. (1958). Sexual agglutination of heterothallic yeasts in diverse taxonomic areas. Science128 1504–1505.
Wickerham, L. J. (1960).Hansenula holstii, a new yeast important in the early evolution of the heterothallic species of its genus. Mycologia52 171–183.
Wickerham, L. J. (1965). New heterothallic species ofHansenula. I.Hansenula fabianii. Mycopathol. et Mycol. appl.26 79–86.
Wickerham, L. J. &K. A. Burton (1952). Occurrence of yeast mating types in nature. J. Bact.63 449–451.
Wickerham, L. J. &K. A. Burton (1954a). A simple technique for obtaining mating types in heterothallic diploid yeasts, with special reference to their uses in the genusHansenula. J. Bact.67 303–308.
Wickerham, L. J. &K. A. Burton (1954b). A clarification of the relationship ofCandida guilliermondii to other yeasts by a study of their mating types. J. Bact.68 594–597.
Wickerham, L. J. &K. A. Burton (1962). Phylogeny and biochemistry of the genusHansenula. Bact. Rev.26 382–397.
Wickerham, L. J. &R. C. Dworschack (1960). Extracellular invertase production by sexually agglutinative mating types ofSaccharomyces kluyveri. Science131 985–986.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This is a laboratory of the Northern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wickerham, L.J. New Heterothallic species of Hansenula II. Hansenula bimundalis and variety Americana. Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata 26, 87–103 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02098594
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02098594