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Acid activated montmorillonite and vermiculite clays as dehydration and cracking catalysts

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Abstract

Treatment of montmorillonite and vermiculite with hydrochloric acid results in an overall increase in acidity and acidic sites. IR and DSC studies of base adsorbed catalysts have revealed the heterogeneity of surface acidity on the activated catalysts. Clay catalysts have been found to dehydrate 1-butanol to 1-butene, which directly isomerizes tocis- andtrans-2-butenes, confirming the presence of Lewis and Brönsted acid sites. Cumene cracking studies using the clay catalyst also confirm the presence of Brönsted acid sites. The temperature and concentration of acid have been found to have a significant influence on the catalytic activity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Anna University, 600 025, Madras, India

    J. Ravichandran & C. M. Lakshmanan

  2. Department of Chemistry, Anna University, 600 025, Madras, India

    B. Sivasankar

Authors
  1. J. Ravichandran
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  2. C. M. Lakshmanan
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  3. B. Sivasankar
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Ravichandran, J., Lakshmanan, C.M. & Sivasankar, B. Acid activated montmorillonite and vermiculite clays as dehydration and cracking catalysts. React Kinet Catal Lett 59, 301–308 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02068127

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02068127

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