Abstract
The Dirac operator arises naturally on\(\mathbb{S}^1 \times \mathbb{S}^3 \) from the connection on the Lie group U(1)×SU(2) and maps spacetime rays into rays in the Lie algebra. We construct both simple harmonic and pulse solutions to the neutrino equations on\(\mathbb{S}^1 \times \mathbb{S}^3 \), classified by helicity and holonomy, using this map. Helicity is interpreted as the internal part of the Noether charge that arises from translation invariance; it is topologically quantized in integral multiples of a constant g that converts a Lie-algebra phase shift into an action. The fundamental unit of helicity is associated with a full twist in u(1)×su(2) phase per global lightlike cycle. If we pass to the projective space ℝP1xℝP3, we get half-integral helicity.
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Cohen, M.S. Quantization of helicity on a compact spacetime. Found Phys 25, 995–1028 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02059523
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02059523