Abstract
The quantity and particle size characteristics of lead in dust released during three different paint removal techniques was determined under controlled conditions and in situ in a dwelling. Air-lead and deposited dust-lead levels were highest after sanding but ‘burning-off’ and ‘hot-air’ removal methods also produced significant contamination. The importance of dust particle-size and lead is discussed in relation to the potential hazard to home renovators via inhalation and to children via the ‘hand-to-mouth’ route.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bicknell, D.J. 1975.Pica, A Childhood Symptom. Butterworths.
Biggins, P.D.E. & Harrison, R.M. 1980.Environ. Sci. Technol. 14, 336–339.
Billick, I.H. 1983. Sources of lead in the Environment.In Lead Versus Health. M. Rutter & R. Russell Jones, eds. pp. 59–77. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK.
Bird and Tole Ltd., Bledlow Ridge, High Wycombe, Bucks, UK.
C.D.C. 1975. Centre for Disease Control.J. Pediatr. 93, 709–720.
C.D.C. 1985. Center for Disease Control.Preventing Lead Poisoning in Young Children. Atlanta, Georgia, US Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare.
Charney, E., Sayre, J.W. & Coulter, M. 1980.Pediatrics 65, 226–231.
Chisolm, J.J. (Jr) & Barltrop, D. 1979.Arch. Dis. Child. 54, 249–262.
Chisolm, J.J. (Jr), Mellits, E.D. & Quaskey, S.A. 1985.Environ. Res. 38, 31–45.
Chisolm, J.J. (Jr). 1986.Am. J. Public Health 76, 236–237.
Clark, C.S., Bornschein, R.L., Succop, P., Que Hee, S.S., Hammond, P.B. & Peace, B. 1985.Environ. Res. 38, 46–53.
Culbard, E., Thornton, I., Watt, J., Moorcroft, S. & Brooks, K. 1983. In: Proc. Int. Conf. “Heavy Metals in the Environment”. Heidelberg. C.E.P. Consultants Ltd. Edinburgh. pp. 426–429.
Day, E.J. 1983.London Environ. Bull. 1, 9–10.
Department of the Environment. 1982.Lead in Paintwork. Information Note.
Duggan, M.J. & Inskip, M.J. 1985.Public Health Rev. 13, 1–54.
Duggan, M.J., Inskip, M.J., Rundle, S.A. & Moorcroft, J.S. 1985.Sci. Total Environ. 44, 65–79.
Elias, R. 1985. Lead exposures in the human environment. In:Dietary and Environmental Lead: Human Health Effects. K.R. Mahaffey ed. pp. 79–107. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Feldman, R.G. 1978.N. Eng. J. Med. 298, 1143–1144.
Fergusson, J.E. & Schroeder, R.J. 1985.Sci. Total Environ. 46, 61–72.
Fischbein, A., Anderson, K.E., Sassa, S., Lilis, R., Kon, S., Sarkosi, L., & Kappas, A. 1981.Environ. Res. 24, 425–431.
Gibson, J.L. 1904.Aust. Med. Gazette 23, 149–153.
Health and Safety Commission. 1980.Control of Lead at Work Approved Code of Practice. HMSO. London.
Hopke, P.K., Lamb, R.E. & Natusch, D.F.S. 1980.Environ. Sci. Technol. 14, 164–172.
I.C.R.P. 1966. Task Group on Lung Dynamics.Health Phys. 21, 173.
Inskip, M.J. & Atterbury, N. 1983. In:Proceedings of an International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment. Heidelberg, West Germany. Sept 1983. C.E.P. Consultants Ltd., Edinburgh, UK Vol 1, pp. 286–289.
Inskip, M.J. 1984. Supplement No.6London Environ. Bull. Scientific Services Branch, Greater London Council, The County Hall, London.
London Borough of Lambeth. 1977. Committee Report, Dir: of Environmental Health & Consumer Services, London.
London Borough of Lambeth. 1981.The Dangers of Lead. Information Booklet. Directorate of Environmental Health and Consumer Services, Lambeth, London.
Miller, F.J., Gardner, D.E., Graham, J.A., Lee, R.E. (Jr), Wilson, W.E., & Bachmann, J.D. 1979.J. Air Poll. Control Assoc. 29, 610–615.
N.A.S. 1980. National Academy of Sciences.Lead in the Human Environment. Washington D.C.
National Center for Health Statistics. Blood lead levels for persons 6 months-74 years of age: United States, 1976-80. Hyattsville, Md.: Public Health Service, 1982. Advance data from vital health statistics. No.79. (DHHS publ. no. (PHS)82-1250)
Quinn, M.J. & Delves, H.T. 1986. UK Bllod lead monitoring programme: Results for 1984. Department of the Environment. (In these proceedings).
Rameau, J.Th.L.B. 1973. In:Proceedings of a Symposium on Environmental Health Aspects of Lead, Amsterdam, 1972, Luxembourg: Commission of European Communities (CEC), pp. 189–197.
Reeves, R., Kjellstrom, T., Dallow, M. & Mullins, P. 1982.N. Zealand J. Sci. 25, 221–227.
Rundle, S.A. & Duggan, M.J. 1980. Report DG/SB/ESD/R91. Scientific Services Branch, Greater London Council, The County Hall, London.
Sayre, J.W., Charney, E., Vostal, J. & Pless, I.B. 1974.Am. J. Dis. Child. 127, 167–170.
Spittler, T.M. & Feder, W.A. 1980.Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 10, 1195–1210.
Wolf, M.D. 1973.J.A.M.A. 225, 175–176.
Yaffe, Y., Flesse, P., Wesolowski, J.J., Del Rosario, A., Guirguis, G.N., Matias, V.et al. 1983.Arch. Environ. Health 38, 237–245.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This paper is also being published in Proceedings of the Conference on “Lead in the Home Environment” and is one of several selected from SEGH sponsored conferences for simultaneous publication in this journal.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Inskip, M.J., Hutton, M. Lead-based paint in dwellings: The potential for contamination of the home environment during renovation. Environ Geochem Health 9, 86–92 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02057281
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02057281