Summary
An examination of the S2 layer of the secondary wall of fibers and tracheids has suggested that lamellation, at the level of the microfibril, may be due to a misinterpretation of structure observed in sectioned material. Although some support was obtained for a heterogeneous lignin distribution, cellulose microfibrils appeared to be distributed in non-lamellate fashion.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bailey, I. W., 1938: Cell wall structure of higher plants. Ind. Eng. Chem.30, 40–47.
—, andThomas Kerr, 1935: The visible structure of the secondary wall and its significance in physical and chemical investigations of tracheary cells and fibers. J. Arnold Arboretum16, 273–300.
— —, 1937: The structural variability of the secondary wall as revealed by “lignin” residues. J. Arnold Arboretum18, 261–272.
Bland, D. E., R. C. Foster, andA. F. Logan, 1971: The mechanism of permaganate and osmium tetroxide fixation and the distribution of lignin in the cell wall ofPinus radiata. Holzforschung25, 137–143.
Borysko, E., 1956: Recent developments in methacrylate embedding. I. A study of the polymerization damage phenomenon by phase contrast microscopy. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol.2, 3–14.
Coppick, S., andW. Frank Fowler, Jr., 1939: The location of potential reducing substances in woody tissues. Pap. Trade J.109, 81–86.
Dadswell, H. E., andDorothie J. Ellis, 1940 a: Contributions to the study of the cell wall. 1. Methods for demonstrating lignin distribution in wood. J. Counc. Sci. Ind. Res.13, 44–54.
— —, 1940 b: Contributions to the study of the cell wall. 2. An investigation of delignification using thin cross sections of various timbers. J. Counc. Sci. Ind. Res.13, 129–137.
Donetzhuber, A., 1960: Zur Herstellung des Zelluloselösungsmittels Cadoxen. Svensk Papperstidn.63, 447–448.
Dunning, C. E., 1968: Cell-wall morphology of longleaf pine latewood. Wood Sci.1, 65–76.
Emerton, H. W., 1957: Fundamentals of the beating process. Kenley: The British Paper and Board Industry Research Association.
Frei, Eva, R. D. Preston, andG. W. Ripley, 1957: The fine structure of the walls of conifer tracheids. VI. Electron microscope investigation of sections. J. Exp. Bot.8, 139–146.
Hepler, Peter K., Donald E. Fosket, andEldon H. Newcomb, 1970: Lignification during secondary wall formation inColeus: An electron microscope study. Amer. J. Bot.57, 85–96.
Jayme, Georg, undDietrich Fengel, 1961: Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Feinbaus der Frühholztracheiden. Beobachtungen an Ultradünnschnitten von Fichtenholz. Holz Roh-Werkstoff19, 50–55.
—, undK. Neuschaffer, 1957: Tri-(en)-Cadmiumhydroxyd als neues farbloses wäßriges Lösungsmittel für Zellulose. Naturwiss.44, 62–63.
—, undHans Fredrik Torgerson, 1966: Über konzentrische Schichtungen in der Zellwand von Fichtenholztracheiden. Holz Roh-Werkstoff24, 1–4.
Kobayashi, K., andN. Utsumi, 1955: Reformation of cellulose micell and microfibrils. Seni Kenkyusho Koenshu12, 159–187.
Mayor, H. D., J. C. Hampton, andB. Rosario, 1961: A simple method for removing the resin from epoxy embedded tissue. J. Cell Biol.9, 909–910.
Nikonovich, G. V., N. D. Burkhanova undKh. U. Usmanov, 1970: Untersuchung der Struktur einiger Zellstoffe mit Hilfe von Ultradünnschnitten. Zh. Prikladnoi Khim.43, 403–407.
Parham, R. A., andW. A. Côté, Jr., 1971: Distribution of lignin in normal and compression wood ofPinus taeda L. Wood Sci. Tech.5, 49–62.
Preston, R. D., 1971: Negative staining and cellulose microfibril size. J. Microscopy93, 7–13.
Ribi, E., 1953: Electron microscopic investigation of the cell and wall organization of wood. Exp. Cell Res.5, 161–172.
Roelofson, P. A., 1959: The plant cell wall. In: Handb. der Pflanzenanatomie, vol. III, 4. Berlin-Nikolassee: Borntraeger.
Stone, J. E., andA. M. Scallan, 1965 a: A study of cell wall structure by nitrogen adsorption. Pulp Pap. Mag. Can.66, T 407-T 414.
— —, 1965 b: Effect of component removal upon the porous structure of the cell wall of wood. J. Polymer Sci. C11, 13–25.
— —, 1968: A structural model for the cell wall of water swollen wood pulp fibers based on their accessibility to macromolecules. Cellul. Chem. Tech.2, 343–358.
— —, andP. A. V. Ahlgren, 1971: The ultrastructural distribution of lignin in tracheid cell walls. Tappi54, 1527–1530.
Strasburger, E., 1882: Über den Bau und das Wachstum der Zellhäute. Jena: Fischer.
Traynard, Ph., A. M. Ayroud, A. Eymery, A. Robert etS. De Coligny, 1954: Repartition de la lignine dans la paroi secondaire chez certains vegetaux. Holzforschung8, 42–46.
Wardrop, A. B., 1957: The phase of lignification in the differentiation of wood fibers. Tappi40, 225–243.
—, 1964: The structure and formation of cell wall in xylem. In: The formation of wood in forest trees (Martin H. Zimmermann, ed.), pp. 87–134. New York: Academic Press.
—, andH. E. Dadswell, 1957: Variations in cell wall organization of tracheids and fibers. Holzforschung11, 33–41.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chafe, S.C. On the lamellate structure of the S2 layer. Protoplasma 79, 145–158 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02055786
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02055786