Abstract
A helium flushed external beam PIXE/PIGE facility for nondestructive multielemental analysis has been developed and tested. By using proton energies Ep≈4.1 MeV and simultaneous detection of X- and gamma-rays, nearly complete analysis of all elements is achieved with nondestructively low ion current of Ip≈1 nA (except H, He, C, O and Ne are detected in a single measurement with sensitivities from the ppm level to about one percent). For most of the elements there are at least two channels of identification, which is a special advantage in analyzing unfavourable matrices, where the radiations of certain elements may interfere with each other.
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Hautojärvi, A., Tuurnala, T. & Harva, K. An external helium flushed milli-beam for combined PIXE and PIGE analysis. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Articles 99, 307–314 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02037590
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02037590