Skip to main content
Log in

Extraction of phenolic compounds from fresh leaves: A comparison of methods

  • Published:
Journal of Chemical Ecology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The conventional sonicator/shaker bath method for phenolic extraction was compared with a less traditional one using a homogenizer. The homogenizer proved to be both more efficient and consistent in extracting phenolics from tender, as well as tough, leaves. We propose that adoption of the homogenizer technique will increase phenolic yield and efficiency.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Appel, H.M. 1993. Phenolics in ecological interactions: The importance of oxidation.J. Chem. Ecol. 19:1521–1552.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coley, P.D. 1983. Herbivory and defensive characteristics of tree species in a lowland tropical forest.Ecol. Monogr. 53:209–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cork, S.J., andKrockenberger, A.K. 1991. Methods and pitfalls of extracting condensed tannins and other phenolics from plants: Insights from investigations ofEucalyptus leaves.J. Chem. Ecol. 17:123–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feeny, P. 1976. Plant apparency and chemical defense.Recent Adv. Phytochem. 10:1–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein, J.L., andSwain, T. 1965. The inhibition of enzymes by tannins.Phytochemistry 4:185–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagerman, A.E. 1988. Extraction of tannin from fresh and preserved leaves.J. Chem. Ecol. 14:453–461.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagerman, A.E., andButler, L.G. 1980. Condensed tannin purification and characterization of tannin-associated proteins.J. Agric. Food Chem. 28:947–952.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hagerman, A.E., andButler, L.G. 1989. Choosing appropriate methods and standards for assaying tannin.J. Chem. Ecol. 15:1795–1810.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagerman, A.E., andKlucher, K.M. 1986. Tannin-protein interactions, pp. 67–76,in V. Cody, E. Middleton, and J.B. Harborne (eds.). Plant Flavonoids in Biology and Medicine: Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Structure-Activity Relationships, Alan R. Liss, New York 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagerman, A.E., andRobbins, C.T. 1987. Implications of soluble tannin-protein complexes for tannin analysis and plant defense mechanisms.J. Chem. Ecol. 13:1243–1259.

    Google Scholar 

  • McManus, J.P., Davis, K.G. Lilley, T.H., andHaslam, E. 1981.J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun: 1981:309–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milner, H.W., Lawrence, N.S., andFrench, C.S. 1950. Colloidal dispersion of chloroplast material.Science 111:633–634.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mole, S., andWaterman, P.G. 1987. A critical analysis of techniques for measuring tannins in ecological studies.Oecologia 72:137–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mole, S., Butler, L.G., Hagerman, A.E., andWaterman, P.G. 1989. Ecological tannin assays: A critique.Oecologia 78:93–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peri, C., andPompei, C. 1971. Estimation of different phenolic groups in vegetable extracts.Phytochemistry 10:2187–2189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, D.F., andCates, R.G. 1976. Towards a general theory of plant antiherbivore chemistry.Recent Adv. Phytochem. 10:168–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singleton, V.L., andRossi, J.A. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics and phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents.Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16:144–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisdom, C.S., Gonzalez-Coloma, A., andRundel, P.W. 1987. Ecological tannin assays.Oecologia 72:395–401.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Torti, S.D., Dearing, M.D. & Kursar, T.A. Extraction of phenolic compounds from fresh leaves: A comparison of methods. J Chem Ecol 21, 117–125 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02036646

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02036646

Key words

Navigation