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Interaction of root-knot nematode and mycorrhizal fungi on common beanPhaseolus vulgaris L.

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Abstract

The interactions of root-knot nematode and VAM fungus on common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and the sequence of nematode infection were studied in the greenhouse. The inoculation with VAM fungus caused a significant increase in plant height and fresh weight compared with non treated plants.Meloidogyne infection unsignificantly decreased plant height and dry weight. When fungus was inoculated at 15 and 30 days prior toM. incognita infection, a significant increase in fresh weight was observed. There were no significant differences in total nitrogen (mg/plant) between plants inoculated withM. incognita alone or those inoculated with bothM. incognita and VAM fungus at the same time or 15 days after the fungus inoculation. Plants preinoculated with VAM fungus 30 days prior to nematode infection had a significant increase in total nitrogen. The inoculation with VAM fungus caused a significant increase in phosphorus content. However, it was significantly decreased in plants inoculated with nematode alone and in plants inoculated with VAM fungus andM. incognita at the same time.

Gall index and final nematode population were significantly increased when nematodes were treated at the same time with fungus, although there were significant decrease in nematode final population and gall index when the plants were treated with nematodes at 15 and 30 days after mycorrhizal infection. A decrease in percentage of fungal colonization was observed when nematodes were inoculated with fungus at the same time.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurden die Beziehungen zwischen dem gallenbildenden NematodenMeloidogyne incognita, vesicular-arbuscular-Mykorrhiza (VAM)-Pilzen und der BohnePhaseolus vulgaris im Gewächshaus untersucht. Die Inokulation mit VAM-Pilzen führte zu einer signifikanten Vergrößerung der Pflanzenhöhe und des Frischgewichtes, verglichen mit nicht behandelten Pflanzen. EineMeloidogyne-Infektion verringerte signifikant die Pflanzenhöhe und das Trockengewicht. Wurden die Pilze 15 bis 30 Tage vor derM. incognita-Infektion inokuliert, kam es zu einem signifikanten Anstieg des Bohnentrockengewichtes. Es gab keine signifikanten Unterschiede im Gesamt-Stickstoffgehalt (mg/Pflanzen) zwischen Pflanzen, die nur mitM. incognita infiziert waren, und solchen, denen Nematoden und VAM-Pilze zugefügt worden waren, gleichgültig ob die Nematoden zur selben Zeit mit den Pilzen oder 15 Tage nach einer Pilzinokulation zugefügt wurden. Mit den VAM-Pilzen 30 Tage vor einer Nematodeninfektion behandelte Pflanzen zeigten einen signifikanten Anstieg des Gesamtstickstoffgehalts. Die Inokulation mit VAM-pilzen führte auch zu signifikanter Erhöhung des P-Gehalts der Pflanze. Doch war der P-Gehalt signifikant geringer in Pflanzen, die mit den Nematoden allein oder mit beiden VAM-Pilzen+Nematoden gleichwertig behandelt wurden.

Der Gallenindex und die finale Nematoden-Population zeigten eine signifikante Erhöhung, wenn die Nematoden gleichzeitig mit den Pilzen zugefügt wurden, obgleich es für beide Größen eine signifikante Verringerung gab, wenn den Pflanzen 15 bzw. 30 Tage nach einer Mykorrhiza-Inokulation Nematoden gleichzeitig mit den Pilzen zugegeben wurden.

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Osman, H.A., Korayem, A.M., Ameen, H.H. et al. Interaction of root-knot nematode and mycorrhizal fungi on common beanPhaseolus vulgaris L.. Anz. Schadlingskde., Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 63, 129–131 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02033948

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