Summary
This study deals with the metabolic effects of hydrolyzed lactose: After an overnight fast 5 healthy adult volunteers consumed a glucose-galactose mixture equivalent to 61.4g of lactose (or 125g of a dried skim milk powder with hydrolyzed lactose). The postprandial rise of erythrocyte galactose-1-phosphate (gal-1-P) never exceeded 22.3 Μmol per liter packed red blood cells. This amounts to no more than 22 % of the levels known from galactosemic children to be safe, concerning ocular, neural or hepatic damage. We conclude that the consumption of the hydrolyzed lactose does not cause a risk for consumer's health as judged from this galactose metabolite. A considerably higher risk, however, may accompany the consumption of galactose alone which causes around 17-fold higher plasma galactose levels and around 8-fold higher erythrocyte gal-1-P concentrations for more extended time periods.
Zusammenfassung
Wir haben die Wirkung einer Glukose-Galaktose-Zufuhr, wie sie bei Aufnahme von Lebensmitteln mit hydrolysierter Laktose auftreten kann, untersucht. Dazu erhielten 5 gesunde erwachsene Versuchspersonen morgens nüchtern je 32,3 g Glukose plus 32,3 g Galaktose (entsprechend 125 g eines Magermilchpulvers mit hydrolysierter Laktose). Die postprandialen erythrozytären Galaktose-1-Phosphat-(Gal-1-P-)Spiegel stiegen bei keinem der Probanden höher als 22,3 Μmol/l gepackter Erythrozyten an. Damit erreichten die Konzentrationen dieses Indikatormetaboliten lediglich 22 % der Spiegel, die sich bei galaktosämischen Kindern als sicher herausgestellt haben, was die Entstehung von Leberoder Hirnschäden bzw. Katarakten angeht. Wir schließen daraus, daß das Kriterium der erythrozytären Gal-1-P-Spiegel kein Stoffwechselrisiko beim Konsum von hydrolysierter Laktose erkennen läßt.
Hingegen ist die Aufnahme von Galaktose allein ohne Glukose von 17fach höheren Plasma-Galaktosespiegeln und einer ca. 8fach höheren erythrozytären Gal-1-P-Konzentration begleitet. Die Zufuhr von Galaktose allein dürfte daher ein erheblich höheres Stoffwechselrisiko verursachen.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- gal-1-P:
-
galactose-1-phosphate
- p.v.:
-
packed volume
References
Anonymous (1973) The etiology and implications of lactose intolerance. Nutr Rev 31:182–183
Oiling ChCJ (1972) Lactase — Treatment in the dairy industry. Ann Technol agric 21:343–356
Torun B, Solomons NW, Viteri FE (1979) Lactose malabsorption and lactose intolerance: implications for general milk consumption. INCAP Publication No 1051:445–449
Solomons NW, Torun B, Caballero B, Flores-Huerta S, Orozco G (1984) The effect of dietary lactose on the early recovery from protein energy malnutrition. I. Clinical and anthropometric indices. Am J Clin Nutr 40:591–600
Torun B, Solomons NW, Caballero B, Flores-Huerta S, Orozco G, Pineda O (1984) The effect of dietary lactose on the early recovery from protein energy malnutrition. II. Indices of nutrient absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 40:601–610
Brown KH (1981) Milk supplementation for children in the tropics. In: Paige DM, Bayless TM (eds) Lactose digestion. The J Hopkins Univ Press, Baltimore, pp 194–202
Anonymous (1978) Nutritional significance of lactose intolerance. Nutrition Reviews 36:133–134
Brand JC, Miller JJ, Athol E (1977) A trial of lactose hydrolysed milk in Australian aboriginal children. Med J Aust special supplement 2:10–13
Mitchell JD, Brand J, Halbisch J (1977) Weight gain inhibition by lactose in Australian aboriginal children. A controlled trial of normal and lactose hydrolysed milk. Lancet 1:500–502
Rask Pedersen E, Jensen BH, Jensen HJ, Keldsbo IL, Hylander Möller E, Nörby Rasmussen S (1982) Lactose malabsorption and tolerance of lactose hydrolyzed milk. A double-blind controlled crossover study. Scand J Gastroenterol 17:861–864
Rosado JL, Solomons NW, Lisker R, Bourgers H (1984) Enzyme replacement therapy for primary adult lactase deficiency. Effective reduction of lactose malabsorption and milk intolerance by direct addition of Β-galactosidase to milk at mealtime. Gastroenterol 87:1072–1082
Newcomer AD, Hodgson SF, McGill DB, and Thomas PJ (1978) Lactose deficiency: Prevalence in osteoporosis. Ann Int Med 89:218–220
Condon JR, Nassin JR, Hilbe A, Millard FJC, Stainthorpe EM (1979) Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in relation to lactose tolerance. Lancet I:1027–1029
Segal S (1978) Disorders of galactose metabolism. In: Stanbury JB et al (eds) The metabolic basis of inherited disease. 4th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 160–181
Schwarz V (1960) The value of galactose phosphate determination in the treatment of galactosaemia. Arch Dis Child 35:428–432
Donnell GN, Bergren WR, Perry G, Koch R (1963) Galactose-1-phosphate in galactosemia. Pediatrics 31:802–810
Donnell GN, Bergren WR, Ng WG (1967) Galactosemia. Biochem Med 5:29–53
Gitzelmann R (1969) Estimation of galactose-1-phosphate in erythrocytes: A rapid and single enzymatic method. Clin Chim Acta 26:313–316
Zöllner N, Heuckenkamp PU (1974) In: Bergmeyer HU (ed) Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse. 3rd ed. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim/Bergstraße, pp 1334–1336
Handbuch der klin.-chemischen Methoden für den Cobas-Bio. Ausgabe 1983, Grenzach/Baden
Stenstam T (1946) Peroral and intravenous galactose tests: Comparative study of their significance in different conditions. Acta Med Scand Suppl 77
Williams CA, Phillips T, Macdonald I (1983) The influence of glucose on serum galactose levels in man. Metabolism 32:250–256
Williams CA, Macdonald I (1981) Serum galactose levels in lactose-intolerant persons receiving a galactose:glucose mixture. Human Nutrition: Clin Nutr 36C:149–153
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Barth, C.A., Kopra, N. Oral intake of glucose plus galactose and erythrocyte galactose-1-phosphate A nutritional evaluation of hydrolyzed lactose. Z Ernährungswiss 25, 171–179 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021249
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021249