Summary
Estrone, 0.4 mg administered daily for 7 days to developing chicks at 2 weeks post hatching, increased total mass and accelerated the rate of growth of the diaphyseal and proximal epiphyseal diameters of intact radii. Fractured radii of animals subjected to the same hormonal treatment displayed decreased bone weight but increased rate of growth of the proximal epiphyseal diameters and longer but thinner and lighter calluses. Two-week-old chicks, which had received no estrone, when exposed to a week-long 2g environment showed decreased intact bone weight and, with the exception of length of fracture callus, a reduction of all measured parameters of fractured bones. Estrone treatments of 0.4 mg administered daily to hypergravity-exposed animals over a week-long period resulted in greater length of fracture callus and increased rate of growth of the proximal epiphyseal diameter of both intact and fractured bones. The same treatments decreased weight and linear growth of fractured bones and width and weight of the fracture callus.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amtmann, E., Oyama, J.: Changes in functional construction of bone in rats under conditions of simulated increased gravity. Z. Anat. Entwickl-Gesch.139, 307–318 (1973)
Bloom, M.A., Bloom, W., Domm, L.V., McLean, F.C.: Calcification and ossification. Medullary bone changes in the reproductive cycle of the female pigeons. Anat. Rec.81, 443–451 (1941)
Budy, A.M., Urist, M.R., McLean, F.C.: The effect of estrogens on the growth apparatus of the bones of immature rats. Amer. J. Path.28, 1143–1167 (1952)
Burton, R.R., Besch, E.L., Sluka, S.J., Smith, A.H.: Differential effect of chronic acceleration upon skeletal muscles. J. appl. Physiol.23, 80–84 (1967)
Gauer, O.H., Zuidema, G.D.: Gravitational stress in aerospace medicine, pp. 43–45. Boston: Little, Brown 1961
Jankovich, J.P.: Structural development of bone in the rat under earth gravity, simulated weightlessness, hypergravity and mechanical vibration. N.A.S.A. Contractor Report 1823. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Vir. 1971
Kelly, C.F., Smith, A.H., Winget, C.M.: An animal centrifuge for prolonged operation. J. appl. Physiol.15, 753–757 (1960)
Kudzman, D.J., Hegstad, P.M., Stoll, R.E.: The chick as a laboratory model for the study of estrogen-induced hyperlipemia. Metabolism22 (3), 423–434 (1973)
Negulesco, J.A.: Bone fracture repair in normal and hypophysectomized chickens. Anat. Rec.169, 386–387 (1971)
Negulesco, J.A.: Accumulative effects of two weeks' exposure to 2G hypergravity state and estrogen treatment upon intact and fractured radii of young female birds. Aviat. Space Environ. Med.47 (8), 826–830 (1976)
Negulesco, J.A.: Effects of one and two weeks exposure to hypergravity and estrogen treatment upon intact and fractured radii of young female birds. Anat. Rec.184 (3), 488 (1976)
Negulesco, J.A.: Simplified hypophysectomy technique for young birds. Poult. Sci.55, 2356–2363 (1976)
Negulesco, J.A., Clark, D.L.: Hypergravity effects on normal and avulsed developing avian radii. Aviat. Space Environ. Med.47 (8), 821–825 (1976)
Negulesco, J.A., Eglitis, J.A.: Effect of hypophysectomy and estrogen treatment on long bone fracture healing of young domestic fowls. Ohio J. Sci.75 (5), 217–222 (1975)
Oyama, J., Zeitman, B.: Tissue composition of rats exposed to chronic centrifugation. Amer. J. Physiol.213, 1305–1310 (1967)
Oyama, J., Platt, W.T.: Effect of prolonged centrifugation on growth and organ development of rats. Amer. J. Physiol.209, 611–615 (1965)
Pfeiffer, C.A., Gardner, W.U.: Influence of estrogens and androgens on the skeletal system. Physiol. Rev.23, 139–169 (1940)
Rogers, T.A.: Physiological effects of acceleration. Sci. Am.206, 60–70 (1962)
Schiff, M.: The influence of estrogens on connective tissue. In: Hormones and connective tissue, G. Asboe-Hansen, ed., pp. 282–341. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins 1966
Silberberg, M., Silberberg, R.: Steroid hormones and bone. In: The biochemistry and physiology of bone, Vol. III. Development and growth, G.H. Bourne, ed., pp. 401–484. New York-London: Academic 1971
Smith, A.H., Burton, R.R.: Chronic acceleration of animals. In: Gravity and the organism, S.A. Gordon, M.J. Cohen, eds., pp. 371–388. Chicago-London: University of Chicago Press 1971
Smith, A.H., Kelly, C.F.: Adaptation of birds to chronic acceleration. Physiologist4, 111 (1961)
Smith, A.H., Kelly, C.F.: Influence of chronic acceleration upon growth and body composition. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.110, 410–424 (1963)
Smith, A.H., Winget, C.M., Kelly, C.F.: Growth and survival of birds under chronic acceleration. Growth23, 97–108 (1959)
Smith, S.D.: Effects of long term rotation and hypergravity on developing rat femurs. Aviat. Space Environ. Med.46 (3), 248–253 (1975)
Walters, G.R., Wunder, C.C., Smith, L.: Multifield centrifugation for life-long exposure of small mammals. J. appl. Physiol.15, 307–309 (1960)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This paper is dedicated to the memory of my friend, John Camiscioni, Division of Research and Evaluation in Medical Education.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Negulesco, J.A. Effects of increased earth gravity and estrone treatment on intact and healing avian radii. Calc. Tis Res. 23, 291–296 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02012799
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02012799