Abstract
Twelve Osborne-Mendel rats were given, for sixty days, an anticariogenic diet where 4% of the sucrose (2.7% of the diet) was replaced by an alkali phosphate salt combination (Na2HPO4+NaH2PO4·H2O+KH2PO4; mole ratios 4.65/0.52/1.00 respectively). Nephrocalcinosis occurred in every animal as small concentric calcium deposits in the medulla and as large calcified masses higher in the cortex. A slight peritubular inflammatory reaction occurred and many exfoliated cells were seen in the lumina of the collecting ducts. In the electron microscope, calcified masses seemed to erode the tubular epithelium. No mitochondrial calcification in the epithelial cells, or calcification in the tubular basement membrane, were found. The cytosomes in a few proximal tubules displayed dark condensations. The ultrastructural features were similar to those found in connection with magnesium deficiency. No calcification was found in 7 controls or in 7 rats receiving the same basic diet with a 4% bicarbonate-phosphate supplement in the sucrose for four months. The appearance of nephrocalcinosis synchronously with a caries-protecting effect and apposition of dental calculus in animals fed on diet supplemented with alkali phosphate is discussed.
Résumé
Douze rats Osborne-Mendel ont été soumis pendant soixante jours à une alimentation anticariogène, où 4% de saccharose (2,7% de l'alimentation) a été remplacé par un mélange de sels de phosphate alcalin (Na2HPO4+NaH2PO4·H2O+KH2PO4; les rapports molaires sont respectivement de 4.65/0.52/1.00). Use néphrocalcinose s'est développée chez chaque animal, sous la forme de petits dépôts de calcium concentriques dans la médulla, et sous forme de larges masses calcifiées dans le cortex. Une légère réaction inflammatoire est observée dans les canalicules et des cellules desquamées sont visibles dans la lumière des conduits collecteurs. En microscopie électronique, des masses calcifiées semblent érodées l'épithélium canaliculaire. Aucune calcification de mitochondrie de cellule épithéliale et de membran basale canaliculaire n'a été observée. Les cytosomes de quelques canalicules rénaux proximaux présentent des condensations sombres. Les caractères ultrastructuraux sont identiques à ceux observés au cours d'une déficience en magnésium. Aucune calcification n'est observée chez les 7 témoins et les 7 rats, soumis pendant 4 mois au même régime contenant 4% de bicarbonate-phosphate dans le saccharose. L'apparition d'une néphrocalcinose, l'effet d'inhibition de carie et la formation de tartre dentaire sont discutés chez ces animaux, recevant une alimentation contenant un phosphate alcalin.
Zusammenfassung
12 Osborne-Mendel-Ratten erhielten während 60 Tagen eine antikariogene Diät, in welcher 4% der Sucrose (entsprechend 2,7% der Diät) durch ein kombiniertes Alkaliphosphatsalz (Na2HPO4+NaH2PO4·H2O+KH2PO4; Mol-Verhältnis 4,65/0,52/1,00) ersetzt wurde. Bei jedem Tier fand sich eine Nephrocalcinose, die als kleine konzentrische Calciumablagerungen im Mark und als große verkalkte Massen im Cortex sichtbar war. Peritubulär entstand eine leichte entzündliche Reaktion und im Lumen der Sammelrohre wurden viele desquamierte Zellen beobachtet. Elektronenmikroskopisch betrachtet, schienen die verkalkten Massen das Tubulusepithel zu zerfressen. Es wurden weder eine Verkalkung der Mitochondrien in den Epithelzellen noch Verkalkungen der tubulären Basismembran gefunden. In einigen wenigen proximalen Tubuli zeigten sich in den Cytosomen dunkle Verdichtungen. Die Eigenschaften der Ultrastruktur waren dieselben, wie man sie im Zusammenhang mit Magnesiummangel sieht. 7 Kontrollratten und 7 Ratten mit der gleichen Grunddiät, jedoch einem Sucrosezusatz von 4% Bicarbonat-Phosphat während 4 Monaten, zeigten keine Verkalkungen.
Die gleichzeitige Entstehung einer Nephrocalcinose neben dem kariesverhütenden Effekt und der Anlagerung von Zahnstein bei Ratten, die mit einer zusätzlich Alkali-Phosphat enthaltenden Diät gefüttert wurden, wird diskutiert.
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Collan, Y., Luoma, H., Ylinen, A. et al. Histological and ultrastructural features of nephrocalcinosis caused by a caries-reducing diet. Calc. Tis Res. 8, 247–257 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02010143
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02010143