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The effect of age of the groundnut crop on the development of primary gradients of Puccinia arachidis foci

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Abstract

Three plots with groundnut crops of different ages were inoculated withPuccinia arachidis in their centres and the development of primary gradients around these centres was studied. Spontaneous infection of the plots was inevitable and increased with age. After correction for spontaneous infections, significant differences were found between primary gradients, mean values and slopes being higher with increasing plot age. An index for vertical distribution of disease, the relative height of infectionH, was developed.H increased with increasing spontaneous infection. It was also increased by the primary gradient in the older plot. The differences observed are attributed to variations in dispersibility and accessibility, related to age-dependent differences in canopy structure. The relative shallowness of the gradients observed in the experiment indicated an intense and rapid dispersal of groundnut rust.

Samenvatting

Drie aardnootveldjes van verschillende leeftijd werden in het centrum geïnoculeerd met aardnootroest, teneinde de ontwikkeling te bestuderen van de primaire gradiënten rond de inoculatiecentra. De eerste infectiegolf na inoculatie produceert de puistjes in de geïnoculeerde centra. De tweede sporulatiegolf, uitgaande van deze puistjes, produceert de primaire gradiënt rondom de geïnoculeerde centra. Spontane infectie bleek onvermijdelijk te zijn; zij nam toe met de leeftijd van de veldjes. Na correctie van waargenomen aantastingen voor spontane infectie werden significante verschillen gevonden tussen primaire gradiënten. Hun gemiddelde waarden en hellingshoeken namen toe met de leeftijd van de veldjes. Een indexH, de relatieve hoogte van de infectie, geeft de verticale verdeling van de ziekte aan. Deze waarde nam voor de primaire gradiënt eveneens toe met de leeftijd van het veldje. De geconstateerde verschillen worden toegeschreven aan variaties in verspreidbaarheid en toegankelijkheid, gerelateerd aan leeftijdsafhankelijke verschillen in de gewasstructuur. De betekenis van de resultaten voor het begrijpen van spontane epidemieën wordt besproken.

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Savary, S. The effect of age of the groundnut crop on the development of primary gradients of Puccinia arachidis foci. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 93, 15–24 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01998140

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