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Low-dose progestogen contraception and the nursing mother

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Advances in Contraception

Abstract

Breast feeding, though an important and efficient contraceptive method, suffers from one major limitation: the contraceptive protection it offers the nursing mother ends abruptly without giving any physical indication of the return of fertility. Barrier methods and progesterone-only hormonal contraceptives, either in the oral, implant or injectable form, appear to be the primary contraceptive alternative for the nursing mother today. They neither adversely affect lactation, nor does the minute quantity of progesterone (NET or LNG) transferred to the infant affect its growth and physical well-being. Puerperal insertion of IUD carries an inherent risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, high expulsion rates and menorrhagia, once menses resume. Combination contraceptives affect both the quality and quantity of breastmilk; hence they are not recommended. Sterilization is a permanent method and therefore useful only when the family has been completed.

Resumé

Bien que méthode contraceptive importante et efficace, l'allaitement est sérieusement restrictif en ce sens que la protection contraceptive qu'il offre à la mère cesse soudainement sans donner aucun signe physique du retour à la fécondité. Il semble que, de nos jours, les méthodes de barrières et les types de contraceptifs hormonaux à la seule progestérone, qu'ils soient sous forme de pilules, d'implants ou d'injections, soient les solutions les plus adaptées dans le cas d'allaitement maternel, puisque ni les unes ni les autres de ces méthodes n'ont d'effets indésirables sur la lactation et que l'infime quantité de progestérone (NET ou LNG) transmise à l'enfant ne compromet nullement la croissance et le bien-être du nouveau-né. L'insertion d'un DIU en période puerpérale comporte en soi un risque de maladie pelvienne inflammatoire, des taux d'expulsion élevés, et des ménorragies lorsque reprennent les menstruations. Les contraceptifs combinés modifient tant la qualité que la quantité de lait chez la mère et sont donc déconseillés. La stérilisation est une méthode terminale et, de ce fait, n'est utile que si la famille est au complet.

Resumen

Si bien el amanantamiento es un método anticonceptivo importante y eficiente, tiene una gran limitación, es decir, que la protección anticonceptiva que ofrece a la madre lactante cesa abruptamente sin dar ninguna indicación fisica del retorno de la fecundidad. Los métodos de barrera y los tipos de anticonceptivos hormonales con progesterona solamente, ya sea en forma oral, de implante o inyectable, parecen ser la alternativa anticonceptiva primaria para la madre lactante hoy en dia. Ninguno de los dos afecta adversamente la lactancia y la cantidad muy pequeña de progesterona (NET o LNG) transferida al bebé no afecta su crecimiento ni bienestar fisico. La colocación puerperal del D.I.U. presenta un riesgo inherente de enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria, altas tasas de expulsión y menorragia al reanudarse la menstruación. Los anticonceptivos combinados afectan tanto la calidad como la cantidad de leche materna y, por consiguiente, no son recomendados. La esterilización es un método terminal y por este motivo es útil sólo cuando la familia ha quedado completa.

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Toddywalla, V.S., Patel, S.B. & Betrabet, S.S. Low-dose progestogen contraception and the nursing mother. Adv Contracept 11, 285–294 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01983287

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01983287

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