Abstract
Free lung cells were studied in guinea-pigs different times after an inhalation exposure to bacterial endotoxin yielding a dose of about 1 μg/animal. After exposure the number of alveolar macrophages (AM) and neutrophils was increased. The phagocytosis capacity of the lung was increased, mainly due to the influx of netrophils. The activity ofN-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase from exposed animals was decreased in AM cell cultures and increased in lavage fluid 2 hours and later after exposure. Cathepsin D activity was also decreased in AM cell cultures but did not change in lavage fluid. Lactate dehydrogenase was increased in lung lavage fluid. The results show that LPS inhalation activates AM and that increased amounts of lysosomal enzymes are present in the airways.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.C. Allison, P. Davies andR.C. Page,Effects of endotoxin on macrophages and other lymphoreticular cells, J. infect. Dis.128, S212-S219 (1973).
A.J. Barrett andM.F. Health, Lysosomal enzymes. InLysosomes: A Laboratory Handbook, 2nd edn., pp. 124–125 (Ed.J.T. Dingle. North Holland Publ. Co. Amsterdam 1977.
R. Burrell andR. Rylander,Further studies on inhaled endotoxin containing bacteria, Envir. Res.27, 325–336 (1982).
B.A. Davis, I.S. Barsoum, P.W. Ramwell andH. Yeager,Human alveolar macrophages: effects of endotoxin in vitro, Infect. Immunity30, 753–758 (1980).
D.B. De Nicola, A.H. Rebar andR.F. Henderson,Early damage indicators in the lung. V. Biochemical and cytological response to NO 2 inhalation, Toxic. appl. Pharmac.60, 301–312 (1981).
B. Fogelmark, R. Rylander, M. Sjöstrand andW. Reininghaus,Free lung cell phagocytosis and the effect of cigarette smoke exposure, exp. Lung Res.1, 131–138 (1980).
P.G. Forhert, E.M. Cuoter, A.J. Alpert, G.A.S. Ansari andE.S. Reynolds,Lactate dehydrogenase activity in mouse lung following 1,1-dichloroethylene: index of airway injury. Expl. Lung Res.4, 67–77 (1982).
I. Helander,Acute pulmonary toxicity and pyrogenicity of inhaled lipid A, FEMS Microbiology letters13, 283–287 (1982).
I. Helander, J. Piiparinen andR. Rylander,Acute pulmonary toxicity of lipopolysaccharides in defined salt forms. FEMS Microbiol Lett15, 123–127 (1982).
A. McGivney andS.G. Bradley,Effects of bacterial endotoxins on lysosomal enzyme activities of human cells in continuous culture, J. reticuloendoth. Soc.23, 223–230 (1978).
R.V. Maier, J.C. Mathison andR.J. Ulevitch, Interactions of bacterial lipopolysaccharides with tissue macrophages and plasma lipoproteins. InPathophysiological Effects of Endotoxins at the Cellular Level. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, vol. 62, pp. 123–155 (Eds.J.A. Majde andR.J. Person). Alan R. Liss Inc., New York 1981.
B. Mørland andG. Kaplan,Macrophage activation in vivo and in vitro, Exp. Cell Res.108, 279–288 (1977).
B. Mørland andA. Pedersen,Cathepsin B activity in stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, Lab. Invest.41, 379–384 (1979).
B. Mørland andJ. Mørland,Selective induction of lysosomal enzyme activities in mouse peritoneal macrophages, J. reticuloendoth. Soc.23, 469–477 (1978).
D.L. Rosenstreich andS.N. Vogel, Central role of macrophages in host response to endotoxin. InMicrobiology, pp. 11–15 (Ed. .Schlesinger). 1980.
R. Rylander, Bacterial toxins and etiology of bysinosis. InProceedings of the International Conference on Byssinosis, Chest suppl. 79, pp. 34S–38S (ed.H. Weill). Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A. 1981.
R. Rylander andJ. Vesterlund, Airborne endotoxins in various occupational environments. InEndotoxins and Their Detection with the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Test, (Eds.S.W. Watson, J. Levin andT.J. Novitsky). pp. 399–408, Alan R. Liss Inc., New York 1982.
J.P. Schneider andJ.O. Hutchens,Particle deposition in the guinea pig respiratory tract, J. Aerosol. Sci.10, 599–607 (1979).
R.D. Schubert andJ.R. David,Stimulation of guinea pig macrophage pinocytosis by Lipopolysaccharides (LPS): Evidence that LPS acts directly on macrophages, Cell. Immunol.55, 166–173 (1980).
M.-C. Snella andR. Rylander,Lung cell reactions after inhalation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, Eur. J. Resp. Dis.63, 550–557 (1982).
L.M. Wahl, S.H. Wahl, S.E. Mergenhagen andR.G. Martin,Collagenase production by endotoxin-activated macrophages, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. USA71, 3598–3601 (1974).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Contact person.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rylander, R., Fogelmark, B. & Sjöstrand, M. Free lung cell phagocytosis and lysosomal enzyme activity after inhalation of lipopolysaccharide in guinea-pigs. Agents and Actions 16, 353–358 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01982872
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01982872