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Thermoanalytical studies of pitch pyrolysis

Comparison with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Abstract

Characterization of pitches by thermal analysis techniques is highly relevant to the practical use of these materials, as they undergo heat treatments in all of their utilization processes. The aim of this work was to improve the interpretation of the complex DTA curves of pitches by comparison with model compounds. For this, TG/DTG/DTA was used to study under identical conditions the pyrolysis of a petroleum pitch and a coal tar pitch as well as a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Results were interpreted as a function of the molecular structure, pyrolysis reactivity and graphitizability of cokes from the hydrocarbons. It is concluded that condensation and polymerization, which are the most likely exothermal reactions predominant in petroleum pitches, indicate the presence therein of reactive molecules. Alternatively, endothermal phenomena such as distillation, depolymerization and cracking, predominant in coal tar pitches, suggest the presence of light, little reactive aromatic molecules.

Zusammenfassung

Die Characterisierung von Pech durch Thermoanalyse ist hoch relevant für die praktische Anwendung derartiger Materialien, da sie in all ihren Anwendungsprozessen erhitzt werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit bestand in einer erweiterten Auslegung der komplexen DTA- Kurven von Pech durch den Vergleich mit Modellverbindungen. Hierzu wurde TG/DTG/DTA angewendet, um unter identischen Bedingungen die Pyrolyse von Erdölpech und Kohlenteerpech als auch einiger polycyclischer Kohlenwasserstoffe zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse werden als Funktion von Molekülstruktur, Pyrolysereaktionsvermögen und der Graphitisierungsfähigkeit von Kohlenwasserstoffkoks interpretiert. Kondensation und Polymerisation — die beiden häufigsten exothermen Reaktionen bei Erdölpech — zeigen die Gegenwart von reaktionsfähigen Molekülen an. Im Gegensatz dazu weisen endotherme Erscheinungen, wie z.B. die hauptsächlichsten Reaktionen bei Kohlenteerpech: Destillation, Depolymerisation und Kracken, auf die Gegenwart von leichten, aromatischen Molekülen mit geringer Reaktivität hin.

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Financial support from DGICYT (project PB87-0456) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Martínez-Alonso, A., Bermejo, J. & Tascón, J.M.D. Thermoanalytical studies of pitch pyrolysis. Journal of Thermal Analysis 38, 811–819 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01979413

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