Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A contribution to the knowledge of nematophagous species of Verticillium

  • Published:
Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nine nematophagous species and two varieties ofVerticillium (Verticillium sect.Prostrata), occurring either as parasites of free-living nematodes or as parasites of cysts and eggs, are revised and keyed out.V. catenulatum is reduced to a variety ofV. chlamydosporium A similar fungus is distinguished asV. suchlasporium n. sp. (including a var.catenatum). Spicaria coccospora Drechsler is transferred toVerticillium. All species have been studied in pure culture. Ecological data are reviewed for each species.

Samenvatting

Negen nematofage soorten en twee variëteiten vanVerticillium (Verticillium sectieProstrata), die óf als parasieten van vrijlevende aaltjes óf als parasieten van cysten en eieren optreden, worden gereviseerd en er wordt een determinatiesleutel van gepresenteerd.V. catenulatum wordt gereduceerd tot een variëteit vanV chlamydosporium. Een hierop lijkende schimmel wordt onderscheiden als.V. suchlasporium n.sp. (incl. een variëteitcatenatum. Spicaria coccospora Drechsler wordt naarVerticillium overgebracht. Alle soorten werden in reincultuur onderzocht. Voor iedere soort worden oecologische gegevens vermeld.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arx, J.A. von, 1986,Tolypocladium, a synonym ofBeauveria. Mycotaxon 25: 153–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aschner, M. & Kohn, S., 1958. The biology ofHarposporium anguillulae. Journal of General Microbiology 19: 182–189.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L. 1969. Isolation and maintenance of endoparasitic nematophagous Hyphomycetes. Canadian Journal of Botany 47: 1899–1902.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L., 1977. The nematode-destroying fungi. Topics in Mycobiology 1. Canadian Biological Publications, Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L., 1978. Nematophagous fungi: endoparasites ofRhabditis terricola. Microbial Ecology 4: 157–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L., 1980. Fungal parasites of rotifers: two new verticillate endoparasites with aerial conidiophores. Canadian Journal of Botany 58: 432–438.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L., 1982. Nematode-destroying fungi. In: Burns, R.G. & Slater, J.H. (Eds), Experimental microbiology. Blackwell, Oxford, p. 533–552.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L., 1985. Fungal parasites of bdelloid rotifers:Diheterospora. Canadian Journal of Botany 63: 211–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron, G.L. & Onions, A.H.S., 1966.Verticillium chlamydosporium and its relationships toDiheterospora, Stemphyliopsis, andPaecilomyces. Canadian Journal of Botany 44: 861–869.

    Google Scholar 

  • Batista, A.C. & Ciferri, R., 1957.Dictyoarthrinopsis andSetodochium, two new genera of Moniliaceous Fungi. Publicação Instituto de Micologia, Recife 94: 1-8= Atti dell'Istituto Botanico e Laboratorio Crittogamico dell'Università di Pavia, Ser. 5, 15: 57–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bissett, J., 1983. Notes onTolypocladium and related genera. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 1311–1329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bursnall, L.A. & Tribe, H.T., 1974. Fungal parasitism in cysts ofHeterodera. II. Egg parasites ofH. schachtii. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 62: 595–601.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A.H.S. & Smith, G., 1957. The genusPaecilomyces Bainier and its perfect stageByssochlamys Westling. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 40: 17–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, W.P. & Griffiths, D.A., 1975. The development and structure of thick-walled, multicellular, aerial spores inDiheterospora chlamydosporia (=Verticillium chlamydosporium). Canadian Journal of Microbiology 21: 963–971.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, G.C., 1987. Fungi isolated from gypsy moth egg-masses. Mycotaxon 29: 299–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, R.J. & Baker, K.F., 1983. The nature and practice of biological control of plant pathogens. American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, Minnesota.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, R.C. & Godfrey, B.E.S., 1964. A key to the nematode-destroying fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 47: 61–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dackman, C. & Nordbring-Hertz, B., 1985. Fungal parasites of the cereal cyst nematodeHeterodera avenae in Southern Sweden. Journal of Nematology 17: 50–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deighton, F.C. & Pirozynski, K.A., 1972. Microfungi. V. More hyperparasitic Hyphomycetes. Mycological Papers 128: 112 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Domsch, K.H., Gams, W. & Anderson, T.-H., 1980. Compendium of soil fungi. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowsett, J.A., Reid, J., & Hopkin, A., 1982. OnCephalosporium balanoides Drechsler. Mycologia 74:687–690.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drechsler, C., 1941. Some hyphomycetes parasitic on free-living terricolous nematodes. Phytopathology 31: 773–802.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drechsler, C., 1942. Two zoophagous species ofAcrostalagmus with multicellularDesmidiosporalike chlamydospores. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 32: 343–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drechsler, C., 1946. A new hyphomycete parasitic on a species of nematode. Phytopathology 36: 213–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drechsler, C., 1969. A nematode-destroying species ofCephalosporiopsis. Sydowia 22: 194–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drechsler, C., 1970. A nematode-destroying parasite bearing lageniform condiiferous branches on endozoic hyphae. Sydowia 24: 173–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duddington, C.L., 1951. Further records of British predacious fungi. II. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 34: 194–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duddington, C.L., 1955. Notes on the technique of handling predacious fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 38: 97–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dürschner, U., 1983. Pilzliche Endoparasiten an beweglichen Nematodenstadien. Mitteilungen der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land-und Forstwirtschaft, Berlin-Dahlem 217, 83 pp.

  • Fassatiová, O. & lýsek, H., 1982. Ovicidal fungi in soil ecological system. Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Biologica 9: 297–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gams, W., 1968. Die systematische Stellung der SchimmelpilzeFusidium buxi undVerticillium candelabrum. Acta botanica neerlandica 17: 455–460.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gams, W., 1971.Cephalosporium-artige Schimmelpilze (Hyphomycetes). G. Fischer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gams, W., Aa, H.A. van der, Plaats-Niterink, A.J. van der, Samson, R.A. & Stalpers, J.A., 1987: CBS course of mycology, 3rd edition. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gams, W. & Zaayen, A. van, 1982. Contribution to the taxonomy and pathogenicity ofVerticillium species. I. Taxonomy. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 88: 57–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gintis, B.O., Morgan-Jones, G. & Rodríguez-Kábana, R., 1983. Fungi associated with several developmental stages ofHeterodera glycines from an Alabama soybean field soil. Nematropica 13: 181–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goddard, N.H., 1913. Can fungi living in agricultural soil assimilate free nitrogen? Botanical Gazette 56: 249–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Godoy, G., Rodríguez-Kábana, R. & Morgan-Jones, G., 1982. Parasitism of eggs ofHeterodera glycines andMeloidogyne arenaria by fungi isolated from cysts ofH. glycines. Nematropica 12: 111–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodey, J.B., 1951. A new species of hyphomycete attacking the stem eelwormDitylenchus dipsaci. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 34: 270–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F., 1983a. Further observations on predaceous fungi from Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal 21: 18–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F., 1983b. Ecology of nematophagous fungi: notes on the identification ofAcrostalagmus obovatus, Cephalosporium balanoides andVerticillium sphaerosporum. Irish Naturalists' Journal 21: 125–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F., 1983c. Ecology of nematophagous fungi: distribution and habitat. Annals of Applied Biology 102: 501–509.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F., 1984. Ecology of nematophagous fungi: methods of collection, isolation and maintenance of predatory and endoparasitic fungi. Mycopathologia 86: 143–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F. & Duff, K.R., 1982. Some preliminary observations on predaceous fungi from Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal 20: 378–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F. & Lewis Smith, R.I., 1984. The distribution of nematophagous fungi in the maritime Antarctic. Mycopathologia 85: 81–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, N.F., Wyborn, C.H.E. & Lewis Smith, R.I., 1982. Nematophagous fungi from the maritime Antarctic. Oikos 38: 194–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heijbroek, W., 1983. Some effects of fungal parasites on the population development of the beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schm). Mededelingen van de Faculteit voor Landbouwwetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Gent 48: 433–440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, S.J., 1985. The term chlamydospore. In: Arai, T. (Ed.), Filamentous microorganisms, biomedical aspects. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, p. 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, C.W. & Heale, J.B., 1985. Relationship between DNA content and spore volume in sixteen isolates ofVerticillium lecanii and two new diploids ofV. dahliae (= V. Dahliae var.Longisporum Stark). Journal of General Microbiology 131: 3229–3236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jansson, H.-B., 1982. Attraction of nematodes to endoparasitic nematophagous fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 79: 25–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Juhl, M., 1982. Cereal cyst nematode, soil heating and fungal parasitism. EPPO Bulletin 12: 505–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerry, B.R., 1980. Biocontrol: fungal parasites of female cyst nematodes. Journal of Nematology 12: 253–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerry, B.R. & Crump, D.H., 1977. Observations on fungal parasites of females and eggs of the cereal cyst-nematode,Heterodera avenae, and other cyst nematodes. Nematologica 23: 193–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerry, B.R. & Crump, D.H., 1980. Two fungi parasitic on females of cyst-nematodes (Heterodera spp.). Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 74: 119–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerry, B.R., Crump, D.H. & Mullen, L.A., 1980. Parasitic fungi, soil moisture and multiplication of the cereal cyst nematode,Heterodera avenae. Nematologica 26: 57–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerry, B.R., Crump, D.H. & Mullen, L.A., 1982. Natural control of the cereal cyst nematode,Heterodera avenae Woll., by soil fungi at three sites. Crop Protection 1: 99–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mankau, R., 1980. Biocontrol: fungi as nematode control agents. Journal of Nematology 12: 213–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan-Jones, G. & Gams, W., 1982. Notes on Hyphomycetes. XLI. An endophyte ofFestuca arundinacea and the anamorph ofEpichloe typhina, new taxa in one of two new sections ofAcremonium. Mycotaxon 15: 311–318.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan-Jones, G., Godoy, G. & Rodríguez-Kábana, R., 1981.Verticillium chlamydosporium fungal parasite ofMeloidogyne arenaria females. Nematropica 11: 115–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan-Jones, G. & Rodríguez-Kábana, R., 1981. Fungi associated with cysts ofHeterodera glycines in an Alabama soil. Nematropica 11: 69–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan-Jones, G., White, J.F. & Rodríguez-Kábana, R., 1983. Phytonematode pathology: ultrastructural studies: 1. Parasitism ofMeloidogyne arenaria eggs byVerticillium chlamydosporium. Nematropica 13: 245–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nigh, E.A., Thomason, I.J. & Van Gundy, S.D., 1980. Identification and distribution of fungal parasites ofHeterodera schachtii eggs in California. Phytopathology 70: 884–889.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudakov, O.L., 1978. Physiological groups in mycophilic fungi. Mycologia 70: 150–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sigler, L., Frances, S.P. & Panter, C., 1987.Culicinomyces bisporalis, a new entomopathogenic hyphomycete from larvae of the mosquitoAedes kochi. Mycologia 79: 493–500.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tribe, H.T., 1977. Pathology of cyst-nematodes. Biological Reviews 52: 477–507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tribe, H.T., 1979. Extent of disease in populations ofHeterodera, with especial reference toH. schachtii. Annals of Applied Biology 92: 61–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tribe, H.T., 1980. Prospects for the biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes. Parasitology 81: 619–639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, T., 1980. A new variety ofVerticillium sphaerosporum, an endoparasite of nematodes and its antagonism to soil-borne plant pathogens. Annals of the Phytopathological Society Japan 46: 598–606.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P. O. Box 273, 3740 AG, Baarn, the Netherlands

    W. Gams

Authors
  1. W. Gams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gams, W. A contribution to the knowledge of nematophagous species of Verticillium. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 94, 123–148 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01978003

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01978003

Additional keywords

Search

Navigation