Summary
Cardiac adenosine is formed both by an oxygen-sensitive (AMP→adenosine) and by an oxygen-insensitive (S-adenosylhomocysteine→adenosine) pathway. The phasic adenosine release during β-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol is closely linked to coronary venous\(P_{O_2 } \) (isolated heart) and can be almost fully prevented when diastolic aortic pressure is maintained constant (heart in situ). During pressure autoregulation the transmural gradient of free adenosine is only increased when the autoregulatory reserve is exhausted. The critical\(P_{O_2 } \) below which adenosine formation is enhanced was found to be 3 mm Hg (isolated cardiomyocytes). Collectively, these data indicate that the formation of adenosine is not primarily coupled to the energy expenditure of the heart but to the supply/demand ratio for oxygen.
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Schrader, J., Deussen, A. & Smolenski, R.T. Adenosine is a sensitive oxygen sensor in the heart. Experientia 46, 1172–1175 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01936930
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01936930