Die Wanderwege der Europäischen Wanderheuschrecke,Locusta migratoria migratoria Linnaeus, 1758 in Europa im Jahre 1693 (Saltatoria, Acridiidae, Oedipodinae)

Abstract

A reconstruction of the migration routes ofLocusta migratoria migratoria Linnaeus, 1758 in the year 1693 is given on base of authentic memorials and contemporary literature. The swarms were probably build up in the West Pontian outbreak area on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea and intensified by swarms from a secondary breeding area between the rivers Danube and Theiss. A part of the swarms invaded the Inn valley in Tyrol, the more big part flew over Budapest into Lower Austria. Near Vienna they separated into two waves, one of which flew through Moravia and Bohemia, crossed the Sudetes Mountains south from Landeshut, and invaded Silesia; the other wave flew more westerly through Bohemia to Egra (now Cheb). Here they separated again into two waves, on flew westward, invaded the Fir Mountains (Fichtelgebirge), and unable to cross these died from cold of winter; the other flew northward to Plauen in Saxony and further to Thuringia, where the locusts scattered for egg laying. Here they died from cold of winter; only few flew farther and reached the British Isles. From Plauen some swarms returned to south and invaded the Fir Mountains also. The locusts invasions in the Fir Mountains were unknown up to day. The maps of locust migration routes ofFilipjev, Waloff, andKrausch are discussed and emended.