Abstract
Tobacco was fumigated to control the cigarette beetleLasioderma serricorne (Fabr.) with a fumigant based on magnesium phosphide (Detiaphos R) in hogsheads and cartons at temperatures almost constantly below freezing point and alternatively at temperatures which increased or decreased very slowly in the course of the fumigation.
The dosage was 1 g PH3 per m3 and the fumigation lasted 96 h in all cases. Gas concentration measurements in the tobacco and under sheeting showed that PH3 developed rapidly in lethal concentrations from magnesium phosphide at low temperatures.
Complete mortality of the inserred test insects was registered after the 96 h fumigation period. With magnesium phosphide, a fumigant is available which can be used for fumigating tobacco even at low temperatures.
Zusammenfassung
Tabak in Fässern und Kartons wurde zur Tabakkäferkontrolle mit einem Begasungsmittel auf Basis Magnesiumphosphid (Detiaphos®) begast. Die Umgebungstemperaturen lagen dabei überwiegend unter dem Gefrierpunkt bzw. stiegen oder fielen langsam im Laufe der Begasung.
Die Dosierung betrug 1 g PH3/m3, und die Begasung dauerte 96 h. Gaskonzentrationsmessungen im Tabak und unter der Begasungsplane zeigten, daß sich PH3 auch bei niedrigen Temperaturen sehr schnell aus Magnesiumphosphid entwickelt und frühzeitig letale Konzentrationen erreicht. Eine Begasungsdauer von 96 h führte zu vollständiger Abtötung der eingebrachten Testinsekten. Somit steht mit Magnesiumphosphid ein Begasungsmittel zur Verfügung, das auch bei niedrigen Temperaturen zur Tabakbegasung eingesetzt werden kann.
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Münzel, M. Examination of efficacy of magnesium phosphide (Detiaphos R) against the cigarette beetleLasioderma serricorne (Fabr.) (Col., Anobiidae) at low temperatures. Anz. Schadlingskde., Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 60, 74–78 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01905729
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01905729