Abstract
Heavy loss of pine trees has been occurring for several decades throughout central to southwestern districts of Japan. In spite of beetles abundantly found under bark of dead trees, entomologists were inclined to the assumption that some other agents had already infected healthy trees before beetle attack based on various findings. It has been proved recently that the causative agent was the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus lignicolus) newly discovered by pathologists and its transmitter was the Japanese pine sawyer (Monochamus alternatus). Aerial application of insecticides against the sawyer is now employed as a tentative measure of control.
Zusammenfassung
Bei der Untersuchung der in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten in Mittel- und Südwest-Japan aufgetretenen schweren Verlusten an Kiefern wurden zwar Borkenkäfer in großer Zahl unter der Borke der abgestorbenen Bäume gefunden, doch neigt man nach der 1969 erfolgten Entdekkung des im Holz lebenden NematodenBursaphelenchus lignicolus — sowie nach den Ergebnissen zahlreicher Versuche zur Übertragung des Wurmes auf gesunde Bäume —dazu, in diesem Fadenwurm den Hauptfaktor des Absterbens zu sehen. Als Überträger vonB. lignicolus (in Form der Dauerlarve) wurde der BockkäferMonochamus alternatus festgestellt. Nunmehr will man versuchen, den Nematoden durch aviochemische Ausschaltung des Überträger-Käfers zu bekämpfen.
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Kobayashi, F. Pine bark beetle problem in Japan, referring to the discovery of the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus lignicolus (Mamiya & Kiyohara). Anz. Schadlingskde., Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 51, 76–79 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01902079
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01902079