Summary
This paper describes a 13-weeks, third-year course in Environmental Planning and Management developed and taught by the authors. Initiated in 1969, the course consists of a mix of lectures, seminars, workshop/laboratory sessions and field-based projects. The objectives of the course are for students: to become aware of the need for, and the complexities of, environmental management; to be able to criticise constructively work done by environmental agencies and consultants, managers and decision makers; and to learn and apply some of the methods and techniques used in environmental management.
Topics covered by the current syllabus are: concepts of ‘resource’ and ‘environment’; constitutional aspects; international law and the environment; Australian and Canadian environmental legislation and agencies; human manipulation of ecosystems; energy subsidies; modification of biogeochemical cycles; population dynamics and cropping; fisheries; national parks and reserves—policies in different countries; international heritage areas; environmental assessment (including impact assessment, land evaluation, land capability and land suitability assessment); and regional, integrated land-use and environmental planning and management. Techniques taught include: field surveys and interviewing; laboratory analysis of selected water quality, sediment and soil parameters including nutrient concentrations, heavy metal and pesticide residues; and for some students, applications of geographic information systems (GIS) technology following preceding GIS courses.
A major problem is selecting the most appropriate mix between the social and natural sciences—‘appropriate’, first in terms of students' heterogeneous skills and backgrounds, and second, in terms of understanding the causes of environmental problems and issues, and devising practicable solutions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen, S.E. (ed.). 1974.Chemical Analysis of Ecologicla Materials. Blackwell, Oxford.
Baird, I.A. 1981. The application of Siro-Plan to rural planning—recent research and development activity of the Land Use Planning Group, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia, Division of Land Use Research.Technical Memorandum 81/31, Canberra.
Basinski, J.J. (ed.). 1978.Land Use on the South Coast of New South Wales: a Study on Methods of Acquiring and Using Information to Analyse Regional Land-Use Options, Vol. 1. General Report, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Australia, Melbourne.
Beanlands, G.E. and Duinker, P.N. 1983.An Ecological Framework for Environmental Impact Assessment in Canada. Institute for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Canada.
Beanlands, G.E., Erckmann, W.J., Orians, G.H. and others (eds). 1985.Proceedings of the Workshop on Cumulative Environmental Effects: A Binational Perspective. Canadian Environmental Assessment Research Council and the US National Research Council Board on Basic Biology, Minister of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa.
CEARC (Canadian Environmental Assessment Research Council). 1985.Social Impact Assessment: A Research Prospectus. CEARC Publication No. 1-85/SIA, Minister of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa.
Chau, A.S.V. and Afghan, B.K. 1982.Analysis of Pesticides in Water, Vol. 1. CRC Press, Florida.
Christian, C.S. and Stewart, G.A. 1953.General Report on Survey of Katherine-Darwin Region, 1946. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Australia, Land Resources Series No. 1, Melbourne.
Chia Lin Sien (ed.). 1987.Environmental Management in South-east Asia. Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore.
Cocklin, C. 1989.Methodological Approaches to the Assessment of Cumulative Environmental Change. Environmental Science Occasional Publication CEC-02, University of Auckland.
Cocklin, C., Hay, J. and Fenn, A. 1988.The Concept of Cumulative Environmental Change. Environmental Science Occasional Publication CEC-01, University of Auckland.
Conacher, A.J. 1978. Resources and environmental management: some fundamental concepts and definitions.Search,9(12), 437–441.
Conacher, A.J. 1983. Environmental management implications of intensive forestry practices in an indigenous forest ecosystem: a case study from south-western Australia. In: O'Riordan, T. and Turner, R.K. (eds),Progress in Resource Management and Environmental Planning, Vol.4, pp. 117–151. Wiley, Chichester.
Conacher, A.J. 1988. Resource development and environmental stress: environmental impact assessment and beyond in Australia and Canada.Geoforum,19(3), 339–352.
Conacher, A.J. 1990. Salt of the earth: secondary soil salinisation in the Australian wheat belt.Environment,32(6), 4–9; 40–42.
Coper, M. 1983.The Franklin Dam Case. Butterworths, Sydney.
Davidson, D.A. 1980.Soils and Land Use Planning. Longman, London.
Davis, J.R. 1985. Systematizing the production of environmental plans: an Australian example.Environmental Management,9(5), 443–448.
Department of Environment and Planning 1982.Hunter Region Regional Énvironmental Plan No. 1. New South Wales Government.
Department of Planning and Urban Development 1990.Draft Peel Regional Plan Incorporating the City of Mandurah and the Shires of Boddington, Murray and Waroona. Perth, Western Australia.
Devall, B. and Sessions, G. 1985.Deep Ecology: Living as if Nature Mattered. Peregrine Smith, Salt Lake City, USA.
Enyedi, G., Gijswijt, A.J. and Rhode, B. (eds). 1987.Environmental Policies in East and West. Taylor Graham, London.
Erckmann, W.J. 1985. Commentary II. In: Beanlandset al. (1985), 19–21.
FAO 1976.A Framework for Land Evaluation. FAO Soils Bulletin 32, Rome.
Grima, A.P., Timmerman, P., Fowle, C.D. and Byer, P. 1986.Risk Management and EIA: Research Needs and Opportunities. Canadian Environmental Assessment Research Council, Minister of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa.
Herricks, E.E. and Schaeffer, D.J. 1985. Can we optimize biomonitoring?Environmental Management,9(6), 487–492.
Houston, P. 1993. South Australia. In: McDonald, G. (ed.),Recent Developments in Rural Policy and Planning in Australasia, Progress in Rural Policy and Planning, Vol. 3. Belhaven, London.
Joseph, L.E. 1990.Gaia: The Growth of an Idea. Arkana, London.
Kelly, D., Cote, R.P., Nicholls, B. and Ricketts, P. 1987. Developing a strategic assessment and planning framework for the marine environment.J. Environmental Management,25, 219–230.
Klingebiel, A.A. and Montgomery, P.H. 1961.Land Capability Classification. US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook 210.
Klute, A. (ed.). 1986.Methods of Soil Analysis, Parts I and II. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin.
Lang, R. (ed.). 1986.Integrated Approaches to Resource Planning and Management. University of Calgary Press, Canada.
Lovelock, J.E. 1979.Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth. Oxford University Press.
Lovelock, J.E. 1988.The Ages of Gaia: A Biography of our Living Earth. Norton, New York.
Lyster, M. 1985.International Wildlife Law. Groteus, Cambridge.
Marshall, D., Sadler, B., Sector, J. and Wiebe, J. 1985.Environmental Management and Impact Assessment: Some Lessons and Guidance from Canadian and International Experience. Federal Environmental Assessment Review Office Occasional Paper, Hull, Quebec.
Mitchell, B. 1979.Geography and Resource Analysis. Longman, London.
Munn, R.E. (ed.). 1979.Environmental Impact Assessment: Principles and Procedures, SCOPE 5, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester.
Munton, R. 1983. Resource management and conservation.Progress in Human Geography,7, 126–132.
Nijkamp, P., Rietveld, P. and Voogd, H. 1990.Multicriteria Evaluation in Physical Planning. North-Holland, Amsterdam.
Naess, A. 1973. The shallow and the deep, long-range ecology movement, a summary.Inquiry,16, 95–100.
Newton, P.W., Taylor, M.A.P., and Sharpe, R. (eds). 1988.Desktop Planning. Hargeen Publ. Co., Melbourne.
O'Connor, A. 1985.Towards a Management Plan for the Wooroloo Drainage Basin, Geowest No. 21. Occasional Papers of the Department of Geography, University of Western Australia.
Ozretich, R.J. and Schroeder, W.P. 1986. Determination of selected neutral priority organic pollutants in marine sediment, tissue and reference material utilizing bonded phase sorbents.Analytical Chemistry,58, 2041–2048.
Pedersen, B.J. and Conacher, A.J. 1991.A Management Plan for the Mary Carroll Park Wetlands: A Report Produced for the City of Gosnells. Department of Geography, University of Western Australia.
Pedersen, B.J., Bestow, I.M.A. and Conacher, A.J. (submitted). Applying a GIS to the preparation of a wetland management plan.Applied Geography.
Pritchard, J. 1991. Development of a land suitability methodology using GIS to resolve environmental conflict, Unpublished BA Hons Thesis in Geography, University of Western Australia.
Sewell, W.R.D. and O'Riordan, T. 1976. The culture of participation in environmental decision making.Natural Resources J.,16, 1–21.
Simmons, I.G. 1981.The Ecology of Natural Resources, 2nd edn. Edward Arnold, London.
Simmons, I.G. 1989.Changing the Face of the Earth. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Stankey, G.H. 1972. A strategy for the definition and management of wilderness quality. In: Krutilla, J.V. (ed.),Natural Environments: Studies in Theoretical and Applied Analysis, pp.88–114. Johns Hopkins, Baltimore.
State Planning Commission. 1988.Leeuwin-Naturaliste Region Plan: Stage Two—Draft. Bunbury, Western Australia.
State Planning Commission. 1989.Geraldton Region Plan. Perth, Western Australia.
State Planning Commission and Department of Conservation and Land Management. 1987.Shark Bay Region Plan. Perth, Western Australia. Adopted June 1988.
Stewart, G.A. (ed.). 1968.Land Evaluation. Macmillan, Melbourne.
Tomlinson, R.F. 1987. Current and potential uses of geographic information systems: the North American experience.Intl J. Geographic Information Systems,1, 203–218.
Tuley, P. (ed.). 1972.The Land Resources of North East Nigeria, Vol. 1:The Environment, Land Resource Study 9. Land Resources Division for Commonwealth Office of Overseas Development Administration, Tolworth, England.
Van Horne, K.C. (ed.) 1985.Sorbent Extraction Technology. Analytichem International, Harbor City, California.
Wetzel, G.W. and Likens, G.E. 1979.Limnological Analysis. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Conacher, A., Armstrong, P., Milton, D. et al. A course in Environmental Planning and Management. Environmentalist 13, 189–198 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01901381
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01901381