Summary
The article briefly summarizes the work carried out by the European Station, C. I. B. C., during the period 1965–1971, in connection with attempts at the biological control of agricultural and orchard pest insects. The following species, their natural enemies and the present status of biological control operations are discussed: the European skipper,Thymelicus lineola Ochs. (for Canada), the pear psylla,Psylla spp. (for Canada), the cereal leaf beetle,Oulema melanopus L. (for Canada), the European marsh crane fly,Tipula paludosa Mg. (for Canada), the glasshouse thrip,Thrips spp. (for the U.K.), and the pear slug,Caliroa cerasi (for New Zealand).
Similar content being viewed by others
Literaturverzeichnis
Arthur, A., 1966: The present status of the introduced skipper,Thymelicus lineola (Ochs.) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), in North America and possible methods of control. Can. Ent.98, 622–626.
Carl, K. P., 1968:Tymelicus lineola (Lepidoptera:Hesperiidae) and its parasites in Europe. Can. Ent.,100, 785–801.
Carl, K. P., 1969: Observations onEndopsylla agilis de Meijere (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), an endoparasite ofPsylla spp. (Homoptera: Psyllidae). Techn. Bull. C. I. B. C.,12, 147–156.
Carl, K. P., 1972: On the biology, ecology and population dynamics ofCaliroa cerasi (L.) (Hym., Tenthredinidae). Z. angew. Ent.,71. 58–83.
Carl, K. P., undH. Zwölfer, 1965: Untersuchungen zur biologischen Bekämpfung einiger Unkräuter und Schädlinge in Landwirtschaft und Obstbau. Anz. Schä dlingskde.,38, 81–87.
De Jong, W. H., undD. L. Elze, 1922: Over Emelten. — Verslagen & Meded. Plantenziektenk. Dienst28, 40 pp., Wageningen.
Eberhardt, L. L., 1970: Correlation, regression, and density dependence. Ecology,51, 306–310.
Eichhorn, O., H. Pschorn-Walcher undD. Schröder, 1971: Gegenwärtige Projekte zur biologischen Bekämpfung verschleppter Forstschädlinge. Anz. Schädlingskde.,44, 145–152.
Maercks, H., 1941: Das Schadauftreten der Wiesenschnaken (Tipuliden) in Abhängigkeit von Klima, Witterung und Boden. Arb. Physiol. angew. Ent. Berl.,8, 261–275.
Maercks, H., 1953: Über den Massenwechsel vonTipula paludosa Meig. in den Jahren 1918–1953 und seine Abhängigkeit von der Witterung. Nachr.bl. d. Dt. Pfl.dienstes,5, 177–181, Braunschweig.
Milne, A., R. Laughlin andR. E. Coggins, 1965: The 1955 and 1959 population crashes in leatherjacket,Tipula paludosa Meigen, in Northumberland. J. Anim. Ecol.,34, 529–544.
Pengelly, D. H., 1961:Thymelicus lineola (Ochs.) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) a pest of hay and pasture grasses in Southern Ontario. Proc. ent. Soc. Ont.,91, 189–196.
Price, P. W., 1971: Toward a holistic approach to insect population studies. Ann. ent. Soc. America,64, 1399–1406.
Richards, O. W., N. Waloff andJ. P. Spradbery, 1960: The measurement of mortality in an insect population in which recruitment and mortality widely overlap. Oikos,11, 306–310.
Ricou, G., 1967: Recherches sur les populations des tipules. Action de certains facteurs écologigues surTipula paludosa Meig. Ann. Epihyt.,18, 451–481.
Schwerdtfeger, F., 1968: Oekologie der Tiere, Bd.2: Demökologie. 448 pp., Parey, Hamburg und Berlin.
Wellington, W. G., 1960: Qualitative changes in natural populations during changes in abundance. Can. Ent.,96, 436–451.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Carl, K.P. Gegenwärtige Projekte zur biologischen Bekämpfung aus Europa verschleppter Landwirtschafts- und Obstbau-Schädlinge. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde und Pflanzenschutz 45, 177–182 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01882272
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01882272