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Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über die Adsorption und Phagocytose von Influenza-Viren durch Thrombocyten

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Zusammenfassung

Thrombocyten adsorbieren und phagocytieren in vivo und in vitro sphärische Influenzaviren des Stammes A/PR 8. Die Phagocytose der Viren kommt durch Vesiculationsvorgänge der Thrombocytenmembran zustande. Auch eine Einschleusung der Viren mit Hilfe von Pseudopodien ist möglich. Die ausgeprägte Adsorption der Influenzaviren an die Thrombocytenoberfläche läßt auf neuraminsäurehaltige Rezeptoren in der Thrombocytenmembran schließen. Die Virusadsorption und Virusphagocytose führen in vitro zur Degranulation und Agglutination der Thrombocyten. Zustände von Thrombocytopenie lassen sich dadurch erklären. Der Gesamtdurchmesser der sphärischen Viren beträgt 100 mµ. Der infektiöse Zentralkörper mißt 60 mµ. Er enthält 70 Å dicke Ribonucleoproteinkörnchen und ist von einer 35–50 Å dicken Membran begrenzt. Die äußere Hülle der Viren ist in vitro bis zu 10 mµ, in vivo 30 mµ breit. Die Virushülle enthält rosettenförmig um den Innenkörper herum angeordnete, 60–85 Å dicke kontrastreiche Körnchen. Die äußere Mucoproteinschicht der adsorbierten Viren geht in die Zellmembran der Thrombocyten kontinuierlich über. Bei Adsorption des Virus an die Zelle werden wahrscheinlich das Hüllenprotein und das Hämagglutinin an die Zellmembran der Thrombocyten abgegeben. Phagocytierte Viren liegen in den Thrombocyten exzentrisch innerhalb von Vacuolen oder frei im Hyalomer.

Summary

Thrombocytes adsorb and phagocytose spherical influenza viruses of the A/PR 8 strain in vivo and in vitro. The phagocytosis of viruses is effected by vesiculation processes of the membrane of the thrombocytes. an incorporation of viruses under the aid of pseudopods is also possible. The intense adsorption of influenza viruses on the surface of the platelets is suggestive of receptors in the membrane of the thrombocytes containing neuramine acid. Adsorption and phagocytosis of viruses leads to degranulation and agglutination of the thrombocytes in an in vitro system. Thrombocytopenia could be explained by this fact. The diameter of the spherical viruses is 100 mµ. The infectious central body measures 60 mµ. It contains 70 Å wide ribonucleoprotein particles and is surrounded by a 35–50 Å thick membrane. The external shell of the viruses is up to 10 mµ in vitro and up to 30 mµ in vivo. This shell surrounding the virus contains 60–85 Å wide dense granules situated around the central body in a rosary-like fashion. The external mucoprotein layer of the adsorbed viruses merges continuously with the membrane of the platelets. It is most likely that proteins of the external shell and haemagglutinins from an adsorbed virus are transferred to the membrane of the thrombocytes. Phagocytosed viruses are positioned excentrically within vacuoles of platelets or free in the hyalomer.

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Schulz, H., Landgräber, E. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über die Adsorption und Phagocytose von Influenza-Viren durch Thrombocyten. Klin Wochenschr 44, 998–1006 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01878776

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