Abstract
In two experiments in the Wageningen Rhizolab with potato cv. Mentor planted in soils with or without potato cyst nematodes (Globodera pallida, W) the number of roots per cm2 was observed two weekly by video camera, in horizontally placed minirhizotrons at depths varying from 5 to 100 cm. In both experiments initial root growth was more rapid in the top soil of the uninfected soil. In the first experiment under optimal water supply, root formation continued longer in the top 30 cm of infested soil leading to twice as many roots at the end of the growing season as in uninfested soil. In the subsoil from 30 to 100 cm, however, root formation was strongly reduced by cyst nematodes leading to an uneven distribution of roots throughout the profile. In the second experiment potato cyst nematodes only increased rooting in the top soil with reduced irrigation. Potato cyst nematodes did not affect the water use efficiency of the crop whereas reduced irrigation increased water use efficiency by about 22%. Without potato cyst nematodes the soil profile was depleted of mineral nitrogen until a depth of 1 m whereas with high initial population densities no nitrogen was taken up in the subsoil between 30 and 100 cm. The spational heterogenity of roots and nitrogen in the soil is an important mechanism of damage. This finding may lead to improved cultural practices and breeding for tolerance.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Evans K (1982) Effects of infestation withGlobodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber) Behrends R01 on the growth of four potato cultivars. Crop Protection 1: 169–179
Evans K and Haydock PPJ (1990) A review of tolerance by potato plants of cyst nematode attack, with consideration what factors may confer tolerance and methods of assaying and improving it in crops. Annals of Applied Biology 117: 703–740
Evans K, Trudgill DL and NJ Brown (1977) Effects of potato cyst nematodes on potato plants. III Effects on the water relations and growth of a resistant and a susceptible variety. Nematologica 21: 273–280
Fasan T and Haverkort AJ (1991) The influence of cyst nematodes and drought on potato growth. 1. Effects on plant growth under semi controlled conditions. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 97: 151–161
Goss MJ, Miller MH, Bailey LD and Grant CA (1993) Root growth and distribution in relation to nutrient availability and uptake. European Journal of Agronomy 2: 57–67
Haverkort AJ (1993) Effect of potato cyst nematodes (Globodera pallida) on root growth of potato crops. Abstracts 12th Triennial Conference of the EAPR, Paris: 133–134
Haverkort AJ, Boerma M, Velema R and Waart M van de (1992) The influence of cyst nematodes and drought on potato growth. 4. Effects on crop growth of four cultivars differing in tolerance. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 98: 179–191
Geijn SC van de, Groenwold J, Vos J, Goudriaan and Leffelaar PA (1994) The Wagening Rhizolab — a facility of study soil-root-shoot-atmoshere interactions in crops. I. Description of the main functions. Plant and soil 161: 275–287
Haverkort AJ and Fasan T (1991) The influence of cyst nematodes and drought on potato growth. Effects on water relations under semi controlled conditions. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 97: 162–174
Huijsmans CA, Klinnkenberg CH and Ouden H den (1969) Tolerance toHeterodera rostochiensis Woll, among potato cultivars and its relation to certain characteristics of root anatomy. European Potato Journal 12: 134–147
Lescynski DB and Tanner (1976) Seasonal variation of root distribution of irrigated, field grown Russet Burbank potato. American Potato Journal 53: 69–78
Loon CD (1981) The effect of water stress on potato growth, development and yield. American Potato Journal 53: 51–68
Smit AL, Groenwold J and Vos J (1994) The Wageningen Rhizolab — a facility to study soil-root-plant-atmosphere relationships in crops. II. Methods of root observation in crops. Plant and soil 161: 289–298
Vos J and Groenwold J (1986) Root growth of potato crops on a marine-clay soil. Plant and Soil 94: 17–33
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haverkort, A.J., Groenwold, J. & Van De Waart, M. The influence of cyst nematodes and drought on potato growth. Eur J Plant Pathol 100, 381–394 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01874806
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01874806