Skip to main content
Log in

Der Polymorphismus des menschlichen Chromosomensatzes —eine Möglichkeit für den Vaterschaftsnachweis

Polymorphisms in human chromosomes — A new aid for affiliation cases

  • Originalarbeiten
  • Published:
Zeitschrift für Rechtsmedizin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The recent quinacrine fluorescence analysis and the Giemsa banding methods allow identification of all human chromosomes. When human chromosomes were studied by using these methods, at least 10 of the 23 chromosome pairs showed polymorphism occuring at a relatively high frequency. Since these features are carried by the chromosomes they are necessarily inherited. The frequency of these variabilities is high enough to allow exclusion of paternity in affiliation cases at a likelihood of at least 70%.

Zusammenfassung

In den letzten Jahren ist durch die Quinacrine-Fluorescenzmethode und die Giemsa-Bänderverfahren eine Identifizierung sämtlicher Chromosomen des Menschen möglich geworden. Dabei hat sich auch gezeigt, daß mindestens 10 von den 23 Chromosomenpaaren zum Teil sehr häufige Variabilitäten aufweisen, die, da sie in die Erbträger integriert sind, notwendigerweise vererbt werden. Die Frequenzen dieser Polymorphismen würden, auch bei Verwendung nur der am leichtesten zu erkennenden Strukturverschiedenheiten, beim Vaterschaftsnachweis eine Ausschlußwahrscheinlichkeit von ca. 70% ergeben.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Araraki, D. T., Sparkes, R. S.: Microtechnique for culturing leucocytes from whole blood. Cytogenetics2, 57–60 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Arrighi, F. E., Hsu, T. C.: Localization of heterochromatin in human chromosomes. Cytogenetics10, 81–86 (1971)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bobrow, M., Madan, K., Pearson, P. L.: Staining of some specific regions of human chromosomes, particularly the secondary constriction of No. 9. Nature (Lond.) New Biol.238, 122–124 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bobrow, M., Pearson, P. L., Pike, M. C., El-Alfi, O. S.: Length variation in the quinacrinebinding segment of human Y chromosomes of different sizes. Cytogenetics10, 190–198 (1971)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caspersson, T., Zech, L., Johansson, C., Modest, E. J.: Identification of human chromosomes by DNA-binding fluorescent agents. Chromosoma (Berl.)30, 215–227 (1970a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Caspersson, T., Zech, L., Johansson, C., Lindsten, J., Hultén, M.: Fluorescent staining of heteropycnotic chromosome region in human interphase nuclei. Exp. Cell Res.61, 472–474 (1970b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M. M., Shaw, M. W., MacCluer, J. W.: Racial differences in the length of the human Y chromosome. Cytogenetics5, 34–52 (1966)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux, B., Grouchy, J. de, Finaz, C., Lejeune, J.: Mise en évidence de la structure fine des chromosomes humains par digestion enzymatique (pronase en particulier), Série D. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris)273, 587–588 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson-Smith, M. A., Ferguson-Smith, M. E., Ellis, P. M., Dickson, M.: The sites and relative frequencies of secondary constrictions in human somatic chromosomes. Cytogenetics1, 325–343 (1962)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gagné, R., Laberge, C.: Specific cytological recognition of the heterochromatic segment of number 9 chromosome in man. Exp. Cell Res.73, 239–242 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hendersen, A. S., Warburton, D., Atwood, K. C.: Location of ribosomal DNA in the human chromosome complement. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)69, 3394–3398 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hungerford, D. A.: Leucocytes cultured from small inocula of whole blood and the preparation of metaphase chromosomes by treatment with hypotonic KCl. Stain Technol.40, 333 (1965)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jonasson, J., Lindsten, J., Lundborg, R., Kissmeyer-Nielsen, F., Lamm, L. U., Peterson, G. B., Therkelsen, A. J.: HL-A antigens and heteromorphic fluorescence characters of chromosomes in prenatal paternity investigation. Nature (Lond.)236, 312–313 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Licznerski, G., Lindsten, J.: Trisomy 21 in man due to maternal non-disjunction during the first meiotic division. Hereditas (Lund)70, 153–154 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lubs, H. A., Ruddle, F. H.: Applications of quantitative karytypy to chromosome variation in 4400 consecutive newborns. Pfizer Foundation Series. Edinburgh: University Press 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, W. H., Hostetter, T. L., Lubs, H. A.: Y family study: heritable variation in the length of the human Y chromosome. Amer. J. hum. Genet.24, 686–693 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moorhead, P. S., Nowell, P. C., Mellman, W. J., Batipps, D. M., Hungerford, D. A.: Chromosome preparations of leucocytes cultured from human peripheral blood. Exp. Cell Res.20, 613–616 (1960)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Passarge, E.: Der Karyotyp des Menschen. In: Methoden in der medizinischen Cytogenetik, Schwarzacher, H. G., Wolf, U., Hrsg. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, J.: Origin of extra chromosome in trisomy 21. Lancet 1973 1, 131–133

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schnedl, W.: Banding pattern of human chromosomes. Nature (Lond.) New Biol.233, 93–94 (1971 a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnedl, W.: Analysis of the human karyotype using a reassociation technique. Chromosoma (Berl.)34, 448–454 (1971 b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnedl, W.: Fluorescenzuntersuchungen über die Längenvariabilität des Y-Chromosoms beim Menschen. Humangenetik12, 188–194 (1971 c)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schnedl, W.: Unterschiedliche Fluorescenz der beiden homologen Chromosomen Nr. 3 beim Menschen. Humangenetik12, 59–63 (1971 d)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schnedl, W.: Analysis of the human karyotype by the recent banding techniques. Arch. Genet.46 (im Druck, 1973)

  • Sumner, A. T., Evans, H. J., Buckland, R. A.: New technique for distinguishing between human chromosomes. Nature (Lond.) New Biol.232, 31–32 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Turpin, R., Lejeune, J.: Les chromosomes humains. Caryotype normal et variations pathologiques. Paris: Gauthier-Villars 1965

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Für wertvolle Hilfe bei der Berechnung der Ausschlußwahrscheinlichkeiten bin ich Herrn Doz. Dr. J. Herbich und Herrn Dr. K. Meinhart sehr zu Dank verpflichtet.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schnedl, W. Der Polymorphismus des menschlichen Chromosomensatzes —eine Möglichkeit für den Vaterschaftsnachweis. Z Rechtsmed 74, 17–23 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01869180

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01869180

Key words

Navigation