Abstract
Long Island Sound is an estuary with two-layered flow at the eastern opening to the ocean and a salinity gradient of about 5 parts per thousand between the eastern and western extremes. Tidal currents, wind-driven circulation, and river inflow and fresh water influx are investigated as factors affecting the net drift. Current measurements in eastern Long Island Sound indicate that the tidal circulation features that predominate there do not normally affect the net drift at the New Haven dump site. Drifter returns and a numerical model indicate that seasonal prevailing winds seem to be the primary cause of the net drift in central Long Island Sound.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Bodine, B. R. 1971. Storm surge on the open coast: fundamentals and simplified prediction. Tech. Memorandum No. 35, U.S. Army Corps of Eng. Coastal Engineering Res. Center, Maryland. 55 pp.
Bowman, M. J. 1976. The tides of the East River, New York. J. Geophys. Res. 81 (9): 1609–1616.
Brumbach, J. J. 1965. The climate of Connecticut. Bulletin 99, State of Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey. 215 pp.
Garvine, R. W. 1974. Physical features of the Connecticut River outflow during high discharge. J. Geophys. Res. 79(6):831–846.
Gordon, R. B. and C. C. Philbeam. 1975. Circulation in central Long Island Sound. J. Geophys. Res. 80(3):414–422.
Gross, M. G., and D. F. Bumpus. 1972. Residual drift of nearbottom waters in Long Island Sound. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17:636–638.
Hollman, R., and G. Sandberg. 1972. The residual drift in eastern Long Island Sound and Block Island Sound. New York Ocean Science Laboratory Technical Rep. No. 0015 (preliminary). June. 11 pp.
Larkin, R. R., and G. A. Riley. 1967. A drift bottle study in Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. 19:62–71.
Leendertse, J. J., S-J. Liu and A. B. Nelson. 1975. A Three dimensional model for estuaries and coastal seas: Volume 3. The interim program. Rand Corp. Technical Report No. R-1884-OWRT. 23 pp.
Matthews, J. B., and J. C. H. Mungall. 1972. A numerical tidal model and its application to Cook Inlet, Alaska. J.M.R. 30(1):27–38.
Nalwalk, A. M., C. Rathbun, H. G. Robinson, and L. A. Riley. 1970. Final report of oceanographic measurements along the Block Island-Fishers Island (BIFI) range in Block Island Sound from January 1969 to July 1970. Report to the U.S. Naval Underwater Sound Laboratory, New London, Connecticut. 95 pp.
Nalwalk, A. J., D. F. Paskausky, W. F. Bohlen, and D. L. Murphy. 1974. New Haven dump site seabed and surface drifter study. Report to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waltham, Mass. 13 pp.
Paskausky, D.F. 1971. Winter circulation in Lake Ontario. Pages 593–606in Proc. 14th Conf. Great Lakes Res. International Assoc. Great Lakes Res. Ann Arbor.
Paskausky, D. F., A. J. Nalwalk, and D. L. Murphy. 1972. Generation of a cyclonic circulation gyre by two-layered flow in the eastern passages of Long Island Sound. EOS Trans. AGU 53:1019. (Abstr.)
Paskaysky, D. F., and D. L. Murphy. 1973. Two-dimensional numerical prediction of wind surge in Lake Erie. Pages 808–817in Proc. 16th Conf. Great Lakes Res. International Assoc. Great Lakes Research Ann Arbor.
Paskausky, D. F., and D. L. Murphy. 1976. Seasonal variation of residual drift in Long Island sound. Estuary and Coastal Marine Sciences. 4:513–522.
Paskausky, D. F., A. J. Nalwalk, D. L. Murphy, and R. C. Kollmeyer. 1974. Helicopter launching of surface and seabed drifters. Geophysical Research Letters 1(1):55–57.
Prichard, D. W. 1967. What is an estuary-physical viewpoint. In: ESTUARIES (Lauff, G., ed.) American Association for the advancement of Science, Washington, D.C.
Riley, G. A. 1952. Hydrography of the Long Island and Block Island Sounds. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. 12(3):5–39.
— 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1952–1954. II. Physical oceanography. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. 15:15–46.
— 1959. Oceanography of Long Island Sound, 1954–1955. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. 17(1):9–30.
— 1967. Transport and mixing processes in Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll. 19:35–61.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Paskausky, D.F. Net drift in an atypical estuary, Long Island Sound. Environmental Management 1, 331–342 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01865860
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01865860