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Jurassic and Cretaceous rhyncholites (Cephalopod jaws) from the North Atlantic Ocean (Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 1–79) and their European Counterparts

Evidence for the uniformity of the Western Tethys

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Zusammenfassung

In den DSDP-Bohrungen 1-547B im Nordatlantik sind nicht-nautilide Cephalopoden-Oberkiefer bekannter Arten des europäischen Festlands (Rhynchoteuthis, Palaeoteuthis, Palaeotheutis, undLeptocheilus) im Pliensbachium und vom Oxfordium bis Barremium verbreitet. Die DSDP-Rhyncholithenfunde zeigen stratigraphische Kondensation, Umlagerung und einen Wechsel in den Faziesbedingungen während des Oberen Jura an. Ebenso können solche Rhyncholithen als charakteristische Tethys-Elemente für Aussagen über die Biostratigraphie, Paläobiogeographie und als Paläoklima-Indikatoren verwendet werden. Höchstwahrscheinlich stellen die hier beschriebenen Rhyncholithen karbonatische Oberkiefer von Phylloceraten und Lytoceraten dar.

Abstract

Well-established species of non-nautilid jaws (Rhynchoteuthis, Palaeoteuthis, andLeptocheilus) from the European Continent and North Africa have been found in Pliensbachian and Oxfordian to Barremian beds of the North Atlantic Ocean (Deep Sea Drilling Project boreholes 1-547B). The rhyncholites from DSDP cores demonstrate stratigraphic condensation, redeposition, and changing palaeoceanographical conditions during the late Jurassic. Being characteristic Tethyan organisms such rhyncholites can also be used as index fossils and indicators for palaeobiogeography, palaeobathymetry, and palaeoclimate. Most likely the rhyncholites described here could be calcified upper jaws of Phylloceratid or Lytoceratid ammonites.

Résumé

Les couches du Pliensbachien et de l'Oxfordien-Barrémien de l'Atlantique nord (site DSDP 1-547B) renferment des machoires de céphalopodes non nautiloïdes appartenant à des espèces connues sur les continents européen et nord-africain (Rhynchoteuthis, Palaeoteuthis, Palaeotheutis etLeptocheilus). Ces fossiles témoignent d'une condensation stratigraphique, d'un remaniement et d'un changement des conditions de facies au cours du Jurassique supérieur. Comme ces rhyncholites sont des organismes caractéristiques de la Téthys, ils peuvent être utilisés comme des indicateurs de paléobiogéographie, de paléobathymétrie et des paléoclimats. Selon toute vraisemblance, les rhyncholites en question ici sont des machoires supérieures calcifiées de phylloceratides ou de lytoceratides.

Краткое содержание

В кернах 1–547В бурения в рамках DSDP в северной Атлантике установил и широкое распростра нение известных на европей ском материке видов ц ефалопод, имеющих верхние челю сти и не относящихся к наутилоидам (Rhynchoteuthis, Palaeoteuthis, Palaeotheutis и Leptocheilui) в ярусах от плинсб аского и оксфордског о до барремского. Наход ки ринхолитов говоря т о стратиграфической конденсации, переотл ожении и смене условий фация во время верхней юры. Т. к. ринхолиты являются характерны м элементом для отлож ений Тетиса, их можно приме нять при биостратигр афических, палеогеографически х и палеобатиметриче ских исследованиях, а такж е в качестве индикато ра палеоклимата. Весьма вероятно что, описанн ые ринхолиты представляют собой к арбонатные верхние челюсти филлоцерат и литоцерат.

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  1. Wolfgang Riegraf

    Present address: , Hollandtstr. 55, D-4400, Münster 1

  2. Hanspeter Luterbacher

    Present address: Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut der Universität, Sigwartstr. 10, D-7400, Tübingen 1, F. R. Germany

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    1. Wolfgang Riegraf
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    Riegraf, W., Luterbacher, H. Jurassic and Cretaceous rhyncholites (Cephalopod jaws) from the North Atlantic Ocean (Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 1–79) and their European Counterparts. Geol Rundsch 78, 1141–1163 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01829337

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