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Species identification of blood and bloodstains by high-performance liquid chromatography

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Summary

A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for species identification of blood and bloodstains is described. The method employs a 300 Å pore SynChropak RP-4 column and ternary solvents (acetonitrile-trifluoroacetic acid-water) and can not only identify a species by its characteristic chromatogram, but also simultaneously demonstrates that it is of blood origin by the existence of the heme peak. Deformations in chromatographic profiles obtained with older bloodstains were observed, but the retention times of heme and the major peaks showed only minor changes. The species could be identified from bloodstains at least 3 months old and the present method has the advantage of simplicity, speed and sensitivity in the practice of forensic science.

Zusammenfassung

Beschrieben wird eine „reversedphase” HPLC-Methode zur Identifizierung und Spezifizierung von Blut und Blutspuren. Die Analysenmethode besteht aus einer SynChropak RP-4-Säule und einem ternären Lösungsmittelgradientensystem (Acetonitril/Trifluoressigsäure/Wasser). Mit dieser Methode wird durch die Detektion des Häm-Peaks die Probe als Blut identifiziert und die Herkunft (human/tierisch) gleichzeitig durch charakteristische Chromatogramme UV-spektrometrisch spezifiziert. Deformationen der chromatographischen Profile wurden bei älteren Blutspuren beobachtet, wobei sich aber die Retentionzeiten der Hauptkomponenten nur geringfügig änderten. Der Speziesnachweis gelang bei bis zu drei Monate alten Blutspuren. Die vorgestellte Methode hat den Vorteil der Einfachheit, der Schnelligkeit und der Empfindlichkeit für die forensische Praxis.

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Inouel, H., Takabe, F., Takenaka, O. et al. Species identification of blood and bloodstains by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Leg Med 104, 9–12 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01816476

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01816476

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