Summary
Clinical symptoms and radiological signs in 15 patients with cerebral venous malformations are presented and the diagnostic problems discussed. The circulation time in combination with cerebral malformations and angiomas of the scalp are described. CT findings in cases of venous malformations of the brain stem are evaluated. Spot-like enhancement, as well as sharply demarcated round shaped enhancement are characteristic for venous angiomas. Cavernous angiomas usually present as homogenous or inhomogenous round shaped enhanced areas.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agnoli, A. L., Kirchhoff, D., Eggert, H. R., Zur Hämodynamik der angiographisch nachweisbaren Blutversorgung kavernöser Angiome der Schädelweichteile. Röfo121 (1974), 617–623.
Aronson, S. M., Vascular malformations. In: Pathology of the nervous system, Vol. 2, Chapt. 14 (Minckler, J., ed.), pp. 1884–1897. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1971.
Bartlett, J. D., Kishore, P. S., Intracranial cavernous angioma. Am. J. Roentgenol.128 (1977), 653–656.
Bentson, J. R., Wilson, G. H., Newton, T. H., Cerebral venous drainage pattern of the Sturge-Weber Syndrome. Radiology101 (1971), 111–118.
Bergstrand, H., Olivecrona, H., Tönnis, W., Gefäßmißbildungen und Gefäßgeschwülste des Gehirns. Leipzig: Georg Thieme. 1936.
Bogren, C., Svalander, C., Wickbom, J., Angiography in intracranial cavernous hemangiomas. Acta Radiol. (Diagn.)10 (1970), 81–89.
Brauch, C. E., Kunath, A. M., Buscemi, J. H., Sublingual venous angioma. Marker of intracranial lesion? Arch. Neurol.38 (1981), 259–260.
Braun, 1983, persönliche Mitteilung.
Braun, J. P., Tournade, A., Venous drainage in the craniocervical region. Neuroradiology13 (1977), 155–158.
Burke, L., Berenberg, R. A., Kim, K. S., Choreoballismus: A nonhemorrhagic complication of venous angiomas. Surg. Neurol.21 (1984), 245–248.
Cabanes, J., Balsco, R., Garcia, M., Tamarit, L., Cerebral venous angiomas. Surg. Neurol.11 (1979), 385–389.
Clark, J. V., Familial occurrence of cavernous angiomata of the brain. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat.33 (1970), 871–876.
Constans, J. P., Dilenge, D., Védrenne, C. I., Angiomes veineux cérébraux. Neurochirurgie14 (1968), 641–650.
Courville, C. B., Morphology of small vascular malformations of the brain, with particular reference of the mechanism of their drainage. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol.22 (1963), 272–284.
Crawford, J. V., Russel, D. S., Cryptic arteriovenous and venous hamartomas of the brain. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat.19 (1956), 1–11.
Cushing, H., Bailey, P., Tumors arising from blood vessels of the brain. Springfield: Ch. C Thomas, 1928.
Dandy, W. E., Venous abnormalities and angiomas of the brain. Arch. Surg.17 (1928), 715–793.
Diamond, C., Torvik, A., Amundsen, P., Angiographic diagnosis of telangiectases with cavernous angioma of the posterior fossa. Report of two cases. Acta Radiol. (Diagn.)17 (1976), 281–288.
Duret, H., Recherches anatomiques sur la circulation de l'encéphale. Arch. physiol. norm. et path.6 (1874), 316–353.
Farell, D. F., Forno, L. S., Symptomatic capillary telangiectases of the brainstem without hemorrhage. Report of an unusual case. Neurology20 (1970), 341–346.
Fierstien, S. B., Pribram, H. W., Hieshima, G., Angiography and computed tomography in the evaluation of cerebral venous malformations. Neuroradiology16 (1979), 137–148.
Giombini, S., Morello, G., Cavernous angiomas of the brain. Account of fourteen personal cases and review of the literature. Acta Neurochir. (Wien)40 (1978), 61–80.
Golden, J. B., Kramer, R. A., The angiographically occult cerebrovascular malformation. J. Neurosurg.48 (1979), 292–296.
Hacker, D. A., Latchaw, R. E., Chou, S. N., Gold, L. H. A., Bilateral cerebellar venous angioma. J.C.A.T.5 (1981), 424–426.
Hacker, H., Vonofakos, D., Vascular diagnosis with angio CT. Neuroradiology22 (1982), 283–285.
Hamby, W. B., The pathology of supratentorial angiomas. J. Neurosurg.15 (1958), 65–75.
Hammer, B., Pohlhammer, H., Das venöse Angiom des Gehirns. Diagnostik im Computertomogramm und in der Angiographie. Radiologe20 (1980), 113–117.
Holdorff, B., Cervos-Navarro, J., Die Pathologie der inneren ponto-mesencephalen Venen. Radiologe11 (1971), 465–471.
Hooshmand, I., Rosenbaum, A. E., Stein, R. L., Radiographic anatomy of normal cerebral deep medullary veins: criteria for distinguishing them for their abnormal counterparts. Neuroradiology7 (1974), 75–84.
Huang, Y. P., Wolf, B. S., Veins of the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres (the medullary veins). Diagnostic importance in carotid angiography. A.J.R.92 (1964), 739–755.
Ishikawa, M., Handa, H., Moritake, K., Mori, K., Nakano, Y., Aii, H., Computed tomography of cerebral cavernous hemangioma. J.C.A.T.4 (1980), 587–591.
Jellinger, K., The morphology of centrally situated angiomas. In: Cerebral Angiomas. Advances in Diagnosis and Therapy (Pia, H. W., ed.), pp. 9–18. Berlin-New York-Heidelberg: Springer. 1975.
Jinnai, H., Kondo, H., Matsumoto, H., Case of bilateral cerebral venous anomaly manifesting signs in the early middle age. Jap. J. Clin. Radiol.9 (1974), 236–239, quoted by Saito.
Kaernbach, A., Bradac, G. B., Ferszt, R., Halbhübner, K., Angiographisch stumme zerebrovaskuläre Malformationen. Radiologe21 (1981), 243–248.
Kaplan, H. A., The transcerebral venous system. An anatomical study. Arch. Neurol.1 (1959), 148–152.
Kaufmann, E., Über Phlebektasien des Uterus und seiner Adnexe. Z. Geburtsh. Gynäk.37 (1893), 201–235.
Kramer, R. A., Wing, S. D., Computed tomography of angiographically occult cerebral vascular malformations. Radiology123 (1977), 649–652.
Maehara, T., Tasake, A., Cerebral venous angioma: computed tomography and angiographic diagnosis. Neuroradiology16 (1978), 296–298.
Maichrzak, H., Wenzel, T., Bierzynska-Macyszyn, G., Bielska, J., Possible significance of juvenile oral venous angioma as marks of intracerebral vascular lesions. J. Neurosurg.59 (1983), 348–350.
Margolis, G., Odom, G. L., Woodhall, B., Bloor, B. M., The role of small angiomatous malformations in the production of intracerebral hematomas. J. Neurosurg.8 (1951), 564–572.
Matsushima, T., Rhoton, A. L., de Oliveira, E., Peace, D., Microsurgical anatomy of the veins of the posterior fossa. J. Neurosurg.59 (1983), 63–105.
McCormick, W. F., The pathology of vascular (“arteriovenous”) malformations. J. Neurosurg.24 (1966), 807–816.
McCormick, W. F., Hardman, J. M., Boulter, T. R., Vascular malformations (angiomas) of the brain. J. Neurosurg.28 (1968), 241–251.
McCormick, W. F., Notzinger, J. D., “Cryptic” vascular malformations of the central nervous system. J. Neurosurg.24 (1966), 865–875.
Michael, J. C., Levin, P. M., Multiple telangiectases of the brain. A discussion of heredity factors in their development. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chicago)36 (1936), 514–529.
Michels, L. G., Bentson, J. R., Winter, J., Computed tomography of cerebral venous angiomas. J.C.A.T.1 (1977), 149–154.
Moritake, K., Handa, H., Mori, K., Venous angiomas of the brain. Surg. Neurol.14 (1980), 95–105.
Norand, H. M., Intracranial vascular tumors and malformations. Arch. Path.39 (1945), 393–415.
Padget, D. H., Development of cranial venous system in man, from the viewpoint of comparative anatomy. Contrib. Embryol.36 (1957), 79–140.
Pak, H., Patel, S. C., Malik, G. M., Ausman, J. I., Successful evacuation of a pontine hematoma secondary to rupture of a venous angioma. Surg. Neurol.15 (1980), 164–167.
Pardatscher, K., Fiore, D. L., Galligioni, F., Iraci, G., Diagnosis of cerebral venous angioma by rapidly enhanced CT scan. Surg. Neurol.14 (1980), 111–113.
Pfannenstiel, J., Apoplexie als tödlicher Ausgang von Eklampsie. Zbl. Gynäk.11 (1887), 601–643.
Pia, H. W., Aneurysmen and Angiome. In: Klinische Neurochirurgie, Band II, Klinik und Therapie (Dietz, H., Umbach, W., Wüllenweber, R., eds.), pp. 221–258. Stuttgart-New York: Thieme. 1984.
Preissig, R. S., Preissig, S. H., Goree, J. A., Angiographic demonstration of a cerebral venous angioma. Case report. J. Neurosurg.44 (1976), 628–631.
Roberson, G. H., Kase, C. S., Wolpow, E. R., Telangiectases and cavernous angiomas of the brainstem: “cryptic” vascular malformations. Report of a case. Neuroradiology8 (1974), 83–89.
Rüssel, D. S., Rubinstein, L. J., Pathology of tumours of the nervous system. 4th ed., pp. 138–139. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. 1977.
Saito, Y., Kobayashi, N., Cerebral venous angiomas. Clinical evaluation and possible etiology. Radiology139 (1981), 87–94.
Sartor, K., Fliedner, E., Weber, K., Venöse Angiome des Gehirns. Röfo128 (1978), 171–176.
Sarwar, M., McCormick, W. F., Intracerebral venous angioma. Case report and review. Arch. Neurol.35 (1978), 323–325.
Savoiardo, M., Passerini, A., CT, angiography and RN scan in intracranial cavernous hemangiomas. Neuroradiology16 (1978), 256–260.
Schaltenbrand, W., Über Hirnblutung durch Rankenangiome und Varizen. Frankfurt Z. Path.82 (1938), 363–382.
Schlesinger, B., The venous drainage of the brain, with special reference to the galenic system. Brain62 (1939), 274–291.
Scott, B. B., Seeger, J. F., Schneider, R. C., Successful evacuation of a pontine hematoma secondary to rupture of a pathologically diagnosed “cryptic” vascular malformation. J. Neurosurg.39 (1973), 104–108.
Scotti, L. N., Goldman, R. L., Rao, G. R., Heinz, E. R., Cerebral venous angioma. Neuroradiology9 (1975), 125–128.
Silverstein, A. J., Primary pontine hemorrhage. In: Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol. 12, Part II (Vinken, P. J., and Bruyn, G. W., eds.), pp. 37–53. Amsterdam: North-Holland. 1972.
Sjovall, E., Lundgrene, N., Zur Kenntnis des Angioma simplex cerebri (Telangiectasien). Acta path. microbiol. (Scand.)37 (1938), 476–492.
Solomon, E. H., Bonstelle, Ch. T., Modic, M. T., Kaufman, B., Angiographic and computed tomographic correlation in cerebral venous angiomas. Comput. Tomogr.4 (1980), 217–220.
Streeter, G. L., Developmental horizons in human embryos: age group XI, 13 to 20 somites, and age group XII, 21 to 29 somites. Contrib. Embryol.30 (1942), 211–245.
Suganuma, Y., Oie, K., Tanigawa, K.,et al., A case of cerebral venous angioma. Neurol. Surg.6 (1978), 77–83.
Thron, A., Petersen, D., Voigt, K., Neuroradiologie, Klinik und Pathologie der zerebralen venösen Angiome. Radiologe22 (1982), 389–399.
Tomaccini, D., Ventori, C., Scarto, G. B., Cerebral venous angioma, cutaneous angioma, facial asymmetry and recurrent stroke. A case report. Eur. Neurol.20 (1981), 29–33.
Valavanis, A., Wellenauer, J., Yaşargil, M. G., The radiological diagnosis of cerebral venous angioma: cerebral angiography and computed tomography. Neuroradiology24 (1983), 193–199.
Virchow, R., Über die Erweiterung kleinerer Gefäße. Arch. path. Anat.3 (1851), 427–480.
Wendling, L. R., Moore, J. S., Jr., Kieffer, S. A., Goldberg, H. I., Latchaw, R. E., Intracerebral venous angioma. Radiology119 (1976), 141–147.
Wolf, B.,et al., The pathology of cerebral angiomas. Bull neurol. Inst. N.Y.4 (1935), 114–135.
Wolf, B., Huang, Y. P., The insula and deep middle cerebral venous drainage system: normal anatomy and angiography. A.J.R.90 (1963), 472–489.
Wolf, B. S., Huang, Y. P., The subependymal veins of the lateral ventricles. A.J.R.91 (1964), 406–426.
Wolf, B. S., Huang, Y. P., Newman, C. M., The superficial sylvian venous drainage system. A.J.R.89 (1963), 398–410.
Wolf, B. S., Huang, Y. P., Newman, C. M., The lateral anastomotic mesencephalic vein and other variations in drainage of the basal cerebral vein. A.J.R.89 (1963), 411–422.
Wolf, P. A., Rosman, N. P., New, P. F. J., Multiple small cryptic venous angiomas of the brain mimicking cerebral metastases. A clinical, pathological and angiographic study. Neurology17 (1967), 491–501.
Zimmer, A. E., Annes, G. P., The septal vein. Radiology87 (1966), 813–823.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Agnoli, A.L., Hildebrandt, G. Cerebral venous angiomas. Acta neurochir 78, 4–12 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01809234
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01809234