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Sulphur isotope compositions in the Åmmeberg Zn-Pb ore deposit, south-central Sweden: Genetic implications

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Zusammenfassung

Es wird die Verteilung von Schwefelisotopenzusammensetzungen in der Åmmeberg Sulfidlagerstätte diskutiert. Die δ34S-Werte für verschiedene Sulfide zeigt ein kompliziertes Schwankungsmuster zwischen Isotopengleichgewichts- und Isotopenungleichgewichtsbedingungen. Dieses Merkmal zusammen mit den beobachteten δ34S Schwankungen von Bleiglanz und Zinkblende werden dahingehend interpretiert, daß sie ihren Ursprung im anhaltenden Zustrom von sulfidhaltigen Lösungen hatten. Auf der Basis von geologischen Geländebefunden und Schwefelisotopendaten wird die Åmmeberg Lagerstätte als eine typische distale Mineralisation eingestuft, welche zur vulkanisch-exhalativen Lagerstättengruppe gehört. Die gebänderte Struktur des Erzes, die räumliche Trennung von Blei und Zink und die Anwesenheit von gesondert durchziehenden Erzlagen sind zum konvektiven System in Beziehung zu setzen, welches die mineralformenden Lösungen lieferte. Ebenfalls zeigt sich ein Zusammenhang zu den verschiedenen Prozessen, welche abliefen als die Sole auf den Meeresboden ausgestoßen wurde.

Abstract

The distribution of sulphur isotope compositions in the Åmmeberg sulphide ore deposit is discussed. The δ34S values for various sulphides show a complex pattern of fluctuations between isotopic equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. This feature as well as the observed variations in the δ34S values of galena and sphalerite are interpreted to have originated from successive pulses of sulphide-forming solutions. On the basis of geological field criteria and sulphur isotope data, the Ammeberg deposit is considered to be a typical distal mineralization, belonging to the volcanic-exhalative group of ore deposits. The banded structure of the ore, the spatial separation of Pb and Zn and the presence of discrete, persistant ore layers probably relate to the type of convective system that created the mineral-forming solutions and to the various processes taking place when the brines were expelled onto the sea floor.

Résumé

L'auteur discute la distribution des compositions du soufre dans le gisement de sulfure d'Åmmeberg. Les valeurs de δ34S pour divers sulfures présentent des fluctuations complexes entre les conditions d'équilibre et de non-équilibre isotopique.

Cette distribution, ainsi que les variations observées de δ34S de la galène et de la blende sont interprétées comme résultant d'arrivées successives de solutions sulfurantes. Sur la base de critères géologiques de terrain et des données relatives aux isotopes du soufre, le gisement d'Åmmeberg est considéré comme une minéralisation typiquement distale, appartenant au groupe volcanique exhalatif. La structure rubanée du minerai, la séparation spatiale du Pb et du Zn et la présence de couches de minerai discrètes et continues doivent vraisemblablement être mises en relation avec le type de système convectif qui a engendré les solutions minéralisantes et avec les divers processus qui sont entrés en jeu lorsque les saumures se sont répandues sur le fond de la mer.

Краткое содержание

Обсуждают распредел ение изотопов серы в сульфидных месторож дениях Åmmeberg. Значения d34S различных сульфидо в указывают на сложное колебание ме жду состояниями равн овесия и неравновесия изото пов серы. Эти данные и колебания значений d34S, наблюдаемые в свинцовом блеске и ци нковой обманке, разре шают предполагать, что они имеют гидротермальн ое происхождение из сод ержащих сульфиды растворов. На основан ии геологических соотношений в местор ождениях и данных изотопов серы местор ождение Åmmeberg рассматривают, как ти пичную дистальную минерализацию, относ имую к вулканоэксгал ятивной группе рудных местор ождений. Полосчатое строение руд, пространственно е разделение свинца и ц инка и присутствие от дельных дискретных слоев руд ы разрешают связать их с системой конвекции, поставляю щей растворы. Отмечают та кже и связь с различными процесса ми, протекавшими в рапе, выброшенной на д не океана.

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Billström, K. Sulphur isotope compositions in the Åmmeberg Zn-Pb ore deposit, south-central Sweden: Genetic implications. Geol Rundsch 80, 717–727 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01803697

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