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Deep-Sea sediments of the Arabian Sea: A paleoclimatic record of the Southwest-Asian summer monsoon

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Zusammenfassung

Rezente Akkumulationsraten opalschaliger Planktongehäuse in Tiefseesedimenten des Arabischen Meeres zeigen ein ähnliches Verteilungsmuster wie die sommerlichen Wassertemperaturen an der Meeresoberfläche. Aus dieser Beziehung wurde eine Korrelationsgleichung abgeleitet, um mittlere Meeresoberflächentemperaturen während des Holozäns zu errechnen (24–28 °C). Geringere Akkumulationsraten von biogenem Opal weisen zur Zeit der letzten Eiszeit auf erhöhte Meeresoberflächentemperaturen, wahrscheinlich verursacht durch eine verminderte Intensität des Küstenauftriebs vor Oman und Somalia.

Erhöhte Akkumulationsraten von Wüstenstaubsedimenten im Norden und Westen des Arabischen Meeres deuten darauf hin, daß während des letzten Kaltstadiums nordwestliche Winde aus der Region des Persischen Golfes die nördlichsten Ausläufer der Südwestmonsunwinde zurückgedrängt haben. Die Windbahnen des Südwestmonsun verliefen damals in Bodennähe ca. 200 km, und in der mittleren Troposphäre ca. 500 km weiter südlich als heute.

Abstract

Modern summer sea surface temperatures (SST) of the Arabian Sea show a correlation to Holocene accumulation rates of biogenic opal. This relation is used to infer mean summer SST for the Holocene (24–28 °C) and the last glaciation. Reduced accumulation rates of biogenic opal suggest higher SST during glacial times, which can be interpretated as a record of reduced upwelling intensity.

Increased flux-rates of eolomarine dust in the northwestern Arabian Sea during glacial times indicate that northwesterly winds from the Persian Gulf area have replaced the southwesterly winds, which were shifted towards the south by about 200 km in the ground layer and about 500 km in the mid-troposphere.

Résumé

Dans la mer d'Oman, il existe, pour la période moderne, une corrélation entre le taux d'accumulation de l'opale biogénique et la température estivale de la surface de la mer. Cette relation est utilisée pour calculer la température moyenne de la surface à l'Holocène (24 à 28°). Lors du dernier âge glaciaire, on observe un faible taux d'accumulation, ce qui correspond à une température de surface élevée; ce phénomène est dû probablement à une diminution des remontées d'eau («upwelling») le long des côtes d'Oman et de Somalie.

Le taux élevé d'accumulation des sédiments éoliens d'origine désertique dans les parties nord et ouest de la Mer d'Oman, au cours de l'âge glaciaire montre qu'à ce moment des vents du nord-ouest, venant du Golfe Persique, ont remplacé les vents de mousson du sud-ouest, dont le domaine a été repoussé vers le sud d'environ 200 Km dans la basse atmosphère et de 500 Km dans la troposphère moyenne.

Краткое содержание

Скорость накопления опалосодержащих рак овин планктона в глубоков одных отложениях Аравийского моря в на стоящее время проявл яет тот же характер, что и в поверхностных водах морей в летние п ериоды. Исходя из этог о факта, с помощью корре ляционных уравнений вычислили среднюю те мпературу поверхнос тных вод океана во время го лоцена, именно 24 до 28°Ц. Незначительная скорость накопления биогенного опала в эт от период указывает н а повышение средней те мпературы поверхнос тных вод океана со времени последнего оледенен ия, вызваное, вероятно, ум еньшением интенсивности апвел линга у берегов Омана и Сомалии.

Повышение скорости н акопления отложений пыли пустыни на север е и западе Аравийског о моря указывает на то, ч то во время последней стадии похолодания с еверо-западные ветры из области Перс идского залива вызва ли, вероятно, перемещени е северных потоков юг озападных ветров монсуна. Поток и западного монсуна проходили то гда близь поверхност и Земли на высоте в 200 км, а в средних слоях тропосферы - примерно на 500 км южнее, чем сегодня.

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Author notes

  1. Frank Sirocko

    Present address: Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut, Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40-60, D-2300, Kiel, FRG

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    Sirocko, F. Deep-Sea sediments of the Arabian Sea: A paleoclimatic record of the Southwest-Asian summer monsoon. Geol Rundsch 80, 557–566 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01803686

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