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Hepatitis A in Western Austria — The epidemiological situation before the introduction of active immunisation

Hepatitis A in Westösterreich — die epidemiologische Situation vor Einführung der aktiven Immunisierung

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Summary

Several European countries report a decreasing prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV). This trend is most pronounced in the youngest age groups. In 1979, however, 58% of young Austrians aged 20 to 30 years were shown to possess anti-HAV. Here we describe the current epidemiological situation in western Austria. Prevalence of anti-HAV has decreased to 7% in those 18 to 30 years old. This percentage rises to 20% (31 to 40 years of age) and 57% (41 to 50 years of age) and is highest in those older than 50 years (87%). Of 180 cases of clinical hepatitis A occurring from 1985 to 1992 45% were imported by travel to HAV-endemic areas. Seventy-one percent of the cases in children (59/83) occurred in foreign workers' families and were also predominantly acquired abroad. A change in prevention policy should be considered in this respect, as vaccination is available now.

Zusammenfassung

In mehreren europäischen Ländern wird eine sinkende Prävalenz von Antikörpern gegen das Hepatitis A Virus (anti-HAV) beobachtet. Diese Entwicklung ist bei den jüngsten Jahrgängen am stärksten ausgeprägt. 1979 waren noch 58% der Österreicher zwischen 20 und 30 anti-HAV positiv. In dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir die gegenwärtige epidemiologische Situation in Westösterreich. Nur mehr 7% der 18- bis 30jährigen haben anti-HAV. Dieser Prozentsatz steigt auf 20% (31 bis 40 Jahre) und 57% (41 bis 50 Jahre), und ist mit 87% am höchsten bei Personen über 50. Von 180 klinisch manifesten Hepatitis A-Fällen in den Jahren 1985 bis 1992 wurden 45% durch eine Reise in HAV-endemische Gebiete importiert. Bei Kindern traten 59 von 83 Fällen (71%) in Gastarbeiterfamilien auf, wobei das Virus meistens im Heimatland erworben wurde. Durch die neue Impfung wird eine Änderung der Präventionsstrategie nun möglich.

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Prodinger, W.M., Larcher, C., Dierich, M.P. et al. Hepatitis A in Western Austria — The epidemiological situation before the introduction of active immunisation. Infection 22, 53–55 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01780769

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