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Angiotensin II in der Diagnostik und Therapie bei Störungen der adrenalen Mineralokortikoidsekretion

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Zusammenfassung

Angiotensin II ist bei intravenöser Infusion als dynamischer Test der mineralotropen NNR-Funktionskapazität geeignet, ähnlich wie ACTH zur Bestimmung der Glucokortikoid-Bildungskapazität. Bei 13 Addison-Kranken und bei 13 Kontrollpersonen wurde die Anwendbarkeit dieses Testes mit Untersuchung von Aldosteron, 17-OH-Kortikoiden geprüft, z.T. auch der Vanillinmandelsäure und Homovanillinsäure im Harn. Bei 2 Kranken wurde eine Dissoziation des ACTH- und des Angiotensin-Testes gefunden, einmal im Sinne eines selektiven Hypoaldosteronismus, das zweitemal mit erhaltener Aldosteronstimulierung, jedoch ohne Reaktion der 17-OH-Kortikoide auf ACTH. Diagnostisch wertvoll ist ferner der Befund einer pressorischen Hyporeaktivität auf Angiotensin beim Hypokortizismus und einer abweichenden Natriumausscheidung im Vergleich zu Kontrollpersonen. Es wurde die Frage der Eignung dieses Testes für eine schnelle Orientierung über das endogene Angiotensin in der Praxis — allerdings nur bei Normotonikern — diskutiert. Weiter wurden günstige Ergebnisse bei der Behandlung aszitischer Lebercirrhosen mit Angiotensin II berichtet, die gegenüber einer diuretischen Therapie resistent waren. Bei Unwirksamkeit dieser Behandlung (ungefähr in 1/3 der Kranken) ließ sich eine deutliche Diurese durch gleichzeitige Applikation von Angiotensin II und Aldactone A erreichen, die beide allein wirkungslos waren. Diese Ergebnisse wurden im Zusammenhang mit der Rolle des Renin-Angiotensin-systems besprochen.

Summary

An intravenous infusion of angiotensin, following its aldosterone-mobilising, pressor and tubular action was used as a test of mineralocorticoid reserve capacity in a similar way as ACTH in the glucocorticoid reserve capacity testing. In 13 patients suffering from Addison's disease and 13 control persons aldosterone and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (and in some of them vanilmandelic-acid and homovanilicacid) were estimated in urine before and after angiotensin in a drop infusion and the results confronted with the ACTH stimulation test. The aldosterone output was very low in all patients with Addison's disease and was unchanged after angiotensin. In 2 patients there was a dissociation of the response to ACTH and angiotensin, once as a selective hypoaldosteronism, in another case there was an elevation of aldosterone in response to angiotensin but no elevation of the 17-hydroxycorticosteroids after ACTH. The pressor hyporeactivity to angiotensin in Addison's disease and no change in the urinary sodium potassium ratio during the infusion were of diagnostic value too. There is indirect evidence that the pressor reactivity to angiotensin reflects the andogenous renin and angiotensin. A rapid screening test with angiotensin for this purpose is proposed but only in normotensive persons without major risk. The diuretic action of intravenous angiotensin in ascitic cirrhosis of the liver in 8 patients when all diuretics, including spironolactone and triamterene, had failed, was demonstrated. In a further 4 patients who did not respond to angiotensin or spironolactone separately, a profound diuretic response on giving both together was observed. There was no similar diuretic effect in nephrotic oedema. These results were discussed in the light of the newest knowledge about the renin-angiotensin system.

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Küchel, O., Horký, K., Gregorová, I. et al. Angiotensin II in der Diagnostik und Therapie bei Störungen der adrenalen Mineralokortikoidsekretion. Klin Wochenschr 43, 1318–1324 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01745800

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