Summary
Earlier studies using hot-film anemometry in pigs have revealed skewed tangentially rotating velocity profiles in the ascending aorta during systole. The reason for this phenomenon has been postulated to be caused by the left ventricular contraction pattern. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the left ventricular contraction pattern on the velocity fields in the ascending aorta of pigs. We used a 10 MHz perivascular pulsed Doppler ultrasound system to measure point blood velocities at two axial locations over the entire cross sectional area in the ascending aorta of 90 kg pigs. The axial component of the velocity profiles was visualized dynamically by computerized 3-dimensional animation techniques. Changing left ventricular contraction patterns were accomplished by reversible occlusion of either the left anterior descending or right posterior descending coronary artery. The axial development of the systolic rotating and skewed velocity profiles in the ascending aorta was described. The appearance of the systolic velocity profiles were virtually unaffected by changes in left ventricular contraction pattern.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Boesiger P, Maier SE, Kecheng L, Scheidegger MB, Meier D (1992) Visualization and quantification of the human blood flow by magnetic resonance imaging. J Biomech 25:55–67
Hasenkam JM (1990) Studies of velocity fields and turbulence downstream of aortic valve prostheses in vitro and in vivo. Dan Med Bull 37:235–249
Paulsen PK, Hasenkam JM (1983) Three-dimensional visualization of velocity profiles in the ascending aorta in dogs measured with a hot-film anemometer. J Biomech 16:201–210
Paulsen PK, Hasenkam JM, Stødkilde-Jørgensen H, Albrechtsen O (1988) Three-dimensional visualization of velocity profiles in the ascending aorta in humans. A comparative study between normal aortic valves, St Jude Medical and Starr-Edwards Silastic Ball valves. Int J Artif Organs 11:99–114
Farthing S, Perroneau P (1979) Flow in the thoracic aorta. Cardiovasc Res 13:607–620
Chandran KB, Yearwood TL, Chen C-J, Falsetti HL (1993) Pulsatile flow experiments on heart valve prostheses. Med Biol Eng Comput 21:529–537
Chandran KB, Cabell GN, Khalighi B, Chen C-J (1984) Pulsatile flow past aortic valve prostheses in a model human aorta. J Biomech 17:609–619
Farahifar D, Cassot F, Bodard H, Pelissier R (1985) Velocity profiles in the wake of two prosthetic heart valves using a new cardiovascular simulator. J Biomech 18:789–802
Peronneau PA, Hinglais JR, Xhaard M, Delouche P, Philippo J (1973) The effects of curvature and stenosis on pulsatile flow in vivo and in vitro. In: Reneman RS (ed) Cardiovascular Application of Ultrasound. Proceedings from an international symposium, Belgium, pp 204–215
Clark C, Schultz DL (1973) Velocity distribution in aortic flow. Cardiovasc Res 7:601–613
Falsetti HL, Kiser KM, Francis GP, Belmore ER (1972) Sequential velocity development in the ascending aorta of the dog. Circ Res 31:328–338
Nerem RM, Seed WA, Wood NB (1972) An experimental study of the velocity distribution and transition to turbulence in the aorta. J Fluid Mech 52:137–160
Seed WA, Wood NB (1971) Velocity patterns in the aorta. Cardiovasc Res 5:319–330
Paulsen PK (1989) Use of a hot-film anemometer system for cardiovascular studies, with special reference to the ascending aorta. Dan Med Bull 4:430–435
Segadal L, Matre K (1987) Blood velocity distribution in the human ascending aorta. Circulation 76:90–100
Hasenkam JM, Østergaard JH, Pedersen EM, Paulsen PK, Nygaard H, Schurizek BA, Johannsen G (1988) A model for acute haemodynamic studies in the ascending aorta in pigs. Cardiovasc Res 12:464–471
Hasenkam JM, Giersiepen M, Reul H (1988) Threedimensional visualization of veloxity fields downstream of six mechanical aortic valves in a pulsatile flow model. J Biomech 21:647–661
Christensen GC, Campeti FL (1959) Anatomic and functional studies of the coronary circulation in the dog and pig. Am J Vet Res, January, 18–26
Horneffer PJ, Healy B, Gott VL, Gardner TJ (1987) The rapid evolution of a myocardial infarction in an endartery coronary preparation. Circulation 76 [Suppl V]: 39–42
Nygaard H, Hasenkam JM, Pedersen EM, Kim WY, Paulsen PK. Evaluation of a new perivascular multielement pulsed doppler ultrasound system for in vivo studies of velocity fields and turbulent stresses. In press. Med Biol Eng Comput
Nygaard H, Hasenkam JM, Paulsen PK, Gormsen J, Østergaard JH, Pedersen EM (1986) In vivo measurements of turbulence energy downstream of aortic valves. Life Support Systems Proceedings XIIIth ESAO 4. WB Saunders, Avignon, France. [Suppl 2]:178–180
Peronneau P, Bournat JP, Bugnon A, Barbet A, Xhaard M (1974) Theoretical and practical aspects of pulsed Doppler flowmetry: Real-time application to the measure of instantaneous velocity profiles in vitro and in vivo. In: Reneman RS (ed) Cardiovascular Applications of Ultrasound. North Holland Publishing Co, Amsterdam, pp 66–84
Rieu R, Friggi A, Pelissier R (1985) Velocity distribution along an elastic model of the human arterial tree. J Biomech 18:703–715
Gross DR (1975) Animal models in cardiovascular research. Martinus Nijhoff, Boston Dordrecht, Lancaster
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This study was kindly supported by The Danish Heart Foundation, Civilingeniør Frode Nyegaard og Hustru's Fond and NOVO's Forskningsfond
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Staalsen, N.H., Hasenkam, J.M., Winther, J. et al. Velocity profiles in the ascending aorta in pigs: Axial development and influence of changes in left ventricular contraction pattern. Heart Vessels 8, 194–202 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01744742
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01744742