Summary
Firstly, this study discusses four different definitions of international capital mobility. Furthermore, a theoretical and empirical analysis of the quantity and the price approach to financial integration is given. The empirical analysis is confined to the member states of the European Community. With regard to the price approach a distinction is made between integration of money markets and that of capital markets. Finally, the study draws some general conclusions based on the empirical research.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akhtar M.A. and K. Weiller (1987), ‘Developments in International Capital Mobility: A Perspective on the Underlying Forces and the Empirical Literature,’ in:Research Papers on International Integration of Financial Markets and U. S. Monetary Policy, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, December, pp. 13–69.
Artis, M.J. and T. Bayoumi (1990), ‘Saving, Investment, Financial Integration, and the Balance of Payments,’ in:Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook, IMF, World Economic and Financial Surveys, pp. 19–34.
Bayoumi, T. (1990) ‘Saving-Investment Correlations: Immobile Capital, Government Policy, or Endogenous Behaviour,’ IMF,Staff Papers, 37, pp. 360–387.
Bergh, P. van den (1987),Deregulering van de internationale financiële stromen en valutastelsels, Rotterdamse Monetaire Studies, No. 30.
Bhandari, J.S. and T.H. Mayer (1990),A Note on Saving-Investment Correlations in the EMS, IMF, Working Paper, 90/97, October.
Blundell-Wignall, A. and F. Browne (1991),Increasing Financial Market Integration, Real Exchange Rates and Macroeconomic Adjustment, OECD, Working Papers, No. 96, February, Paris.
Boissieu, C. de (1988), ‘Financial Liberalisation and the Evolution of the EMS,’ in: Commission of the European Communities, ‘Creation of a European Financial Area,’ Liberalisation of Capital Movements and Financial Integration in the Community,European Economy, No. 36, May, pp. 53–70.
Boissieu, C. de (1990), ‘The Dynamics of the EMS in the Light of European Financial Integration: Some Reflections from a French Perspective,’Journal of Banking and Finance, 14, pp. 899–908.
Boothe, P., K. Clinton, A. Côté and D. Longworth (1985),International Asset Substitutability, Theory and Evidence for Canada, Bank of Canada, February.
Caramazza, F., K. Clinton, A. Côté and D. Longworth (1986),International Capital Mobility and Asset Substitutability: Some Theory and Evidence on Recent Structural Changes, Bank of Canada, Technical Report, No. 44, October.
Cecchini, P. (1988),The European Challenge, 1992, The Benefits of a Single Market, Aldershot.
Commission of the European Communities (1990), ‘One Market, One Money: An Evaluation of the Potential Benefits and Costs of Forming an Economic and Monetary Union,’European Economy, No. 44, October.
Cooper, S. (1991),Cross-border Savings Flows and Capital Mobility in the G7 Economies, Bank of England, Discussion Paper, No. 54, March.
Dean, A., M. Durand, J. Fallon and P. Hoeller (1990), ‘Saving Trends and Behaviour in OECD Countries,’ OECD,Economic Studies, No. 14, Spring, pp. 7–58.
Dooley, M., J. Frankel and D.J. Mathieson (1987), ‘International Capital Mobility: What do Saving-Investment Correlations Tell Us?,’ IMF,Staff Papers, 34, pp. 503–530.
Ees, H. van, J. de Haan and D. Wansink (1989), ‘Financiële integratie: de gevolgen voor het Nederlandse financiële systeem,’ in: J. de Haan, and L.H. Hoogduin (eds.),De gevolgen van financiële innovatie en integratie voor bet monetaire beleid, NIBE, Amsterdam, pp. 94–118.
Eijffinger, S.C.W. and J.L. Gerards (eds.) (1990),Financiële markten en monetair beleid, Ervaringen in zeven landen, NIBE, Amsterdam.
Eijffinger, S.C.W. and J.L. Gerards (eds.) (1993),European Monetary Integration and the Final Sector, NIBE, Amsterdam.
Feldstein, M. and C. Horioka (1980), ‘Domestic Savings and International Capital Flows,’Economic Journal, 90, pp. 314–329.
Feldstein, M. (1983), ‘Domestic Saving and International Capital Movements in the Long Run and the Short Run,’European Economic Review, 21, pp. 129–151.
Feldstein M. and P. Bacchetta (1989),National Saving and International Investment, NBER, Working Paper, No. 3164, November, Cambridge.
Frankel, J.A. (1989),Quantifying International Capital Mobility in the 1980s, NBER, Working Paper, No. 2856, February, Cambridge.
Frankel, J.A. (1990), ‘International Financial Integration, Relations among Interest Rates and Exchange Rates, and Monetary Indicators,’ in: C.A. Pigott (ed.),International Financial Integration and U.S. Monetary Policy, A Colloquium Sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in October 1989, pp. 15–49.
Frankel, J.A. and A.T. MacArthur (1988), ‘Politicalvs Currency Premia in International Real Interest Differentials: A Study of Forward Rates for 24 Countries,’European Economic Review, 32, pp. 1083–1121.
Fukao, M. and M. Hanazaki (1987), ‘Internationalisation of Financial Markets and the Allocation of Capital,’ OECD,Economic Studies, No. 8, Paris, pp. 35–92.
Giavazzi, F. and A. Giovannini (1989),Limiting Exchange Rate Flexibility, The European Monetary System, Cambridge.
Golub, S.S. (1990), ‘International Capital Mobility: Netvs Gross Stocks and Flows,’Journal of International Money and Finance, 9, pp. 424–439.
Haan, J. de, D. Pilat and D.-J. Zelhorst (1991a), ‘On the Relationship between Dutch and German Interest Rates,’De Economist, 139, pp. 550–565.
Haan, J. de, C.L.J. Siermann and H.J. Wijnants (1991b), ‘Kapitaalmobiliteit en de samenhang van besparingen en investeringen,’ First Version, December, to be published inMaandschrift Economie.
Harberger, A.C. (1980), ‘Vignettes on the World Capital Market,’American Economic Review, 70, pp. 331–337.
Kasman, B. and C. Pigott (1988), ‘Interest Rate Divergences among the Major Industrial Nations,’ Federal Reserve Bank of New York,Quarterly Review, 13, Autumn, pp. 28–44.
Kneeshaw, J.T. and P. van den Bergh (1985),International Interest Rate Relationships: Policy Choices and Constraints, BIS, Economic Papers, No. 13, January, Basle.
Kredietbank (1990), ‘Vrij kapitaalverkeer in de Europese Gemeenschap op 1 juli een feit,’Weekberichten, 45, Brussels.
Mishkin, F.S. (1986), ‘Comments,’ in: R.W. Hafer (ed.),How open is the U.S. Economy?, Massachusetts, pp. 69–74.
Monadjemi M. (1990), ‘Testing the Degree of International Capital Mobility,’Australian Economic Papers, 29, pp. 30–39.
Murphy, R.G. (1984), ‘Capital Mobility and the Relationship between Saving and Investment Rates in OECD Countries,’Journal of International Money and Finance, 3, pp. 327–342.
Murray, J. and R. Khemani (1989),International Interest Rate Linkages and Monetary Policy: A Canadian Perspective, Bank of Canada, Technical Report, No. 52, December.
Obstfeld, M. (1986), ‘Capital Mobility in the World Economy, Theory and Measurement,’ in: K. Brunner and A. Meltzer (eds.), ‘The National Bureau Method, International Capital Mobility and Other Essays,’Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 24, pp. 55–104.
OECD (1990a),Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements, Paris.
OECD (1990b),Liberalisation of Capital Movements and Financial Services in the OECD Area, Paris.
OECD (1990c),Methodological Supplement 1989 to OECD Financial Statistics Monthly, Paris.
Reinhart, V. and K. Weiller (1987a), ‘Increasing Capital Mobility: Evidence from Short and Long-Term Markets,’ in:Research Papers on International Integration of Financial Markets and U.S. Monetary Policy, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, December, pp. 71–117.
Reinhart, V. and K. Weiller (1987b), ‘What does Covered Interest Parity Reveal About Capital Mobility?,’ in:International Integration of Financial Markets and U.S. Monetary Policy, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, December, pp. 119–158.
Sijben, J.J. (1990),Geloofwaardigheid en monetaire politiek, Rotterdamse Monetaire Studies, No. 38.
Tesar, L.L. (1991), ‘Savings, Investment and International Capital Flows,’Journal of International Economics, 31, pp. 55–78.
Turner, P. (1991),Capital Flows in the 1980s: A Survey of Major Trends, BIS, Economic Papers, No. 30, April, Basle.
Wong, D.Y. (1990), ‘What do Saving-Investment Relations Tell Us about Capital Mobility,’Journal of International Money and Finance, 9, pp. 60–74.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The authors are grateful to Alexander Italianer, Helen MacFarlane, Theo Nijman and two anonymous referees for valuable comments on an earlier version of this article. Of course, the usual disclaimer applies.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lemmen, J.J.G., Eijffinger, S.C.W. The degree of financial integration in the European community. De Economist 141, 189–213 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01717380
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01717380