Skip to main content
Log in

Pharmakokinetik von Prednisolon bei Nebenniereninsuffizienz

Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency

  • Originalien
  • Published:
Klinische Wochenschrift Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Prednisolone was measured in serum and urine after oral and intravenous administration of prednisone and prednisolone in 16 patients with adrenal insufficiency and after bilateral adrenalectomy. Thus, the problem of cross-reactivity with endogenous steroids, the main factor disturbing the measurement of prednisolone, was completely eliminated. Prednisolone was detected by a simple competitive protein-binding radioassay. Distribution, elimination and other bioavailability parameters were calculated from the obtained data.

No significant differences between serum levels were detected after oral administration of these drugs. Peak levels were reached after 2–3 h. After 5, 7.5 and 10 mg prednisone peak serum levels averaged 11.9±2.2, 15.9±3.4 and 21.5±5.9 µg/dl, respectively. Prednisolone was still detectable 24 h after administration of 10 mg. The plasma half-time of approximately 5 1/2 h suggests that prednisolone is present in serum far about 2 days after application of higher doses. Since prednisolone interfers in most assays for cortisol, prednisone therapie has to be stopped at least 2 days before cortisol determinations. Urinary excretion was proportional to the applicated doses. The metabolic clearance rate of prednisolone was decreased (56.0±7.2 1/24 h/m2) in patients with adrenal insufficiency. This can be attributed to alterations in corticosteroid metabolism, probably due to an increased transcortin production.

Zusammenfassung

Bei 16 Patienten mit Nebennierenrindeninsuffizienz und nach bilateraler Adrenalektomie wurde Prednisolon im Serum und im Urin nach peroraler und intravenöser Gabe von Prednison und Prednisolon gemessen. Dabei sollten pharmakokinetische Daten über das Verhalten von Prednisolon gewonnen werden und die Frage geklärt werden, wie lange die Substanz nachweisbar ist. Da sich Prednisolon ähnlich wie Cortisol an Transcortin und Albumin bindet, konnte wegen des Fehlens endogener Corticosteroide eine einfache Proteinbindungsmethode zum Nachweis angewendet werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen keinen signifikanten Unterschied in den Serumspiegeln nach oraler Gabe von Prednison oder Prednisolon. Die höchsten Konzentrationen wurden nach 2–3 h erreicht und betrugen nach 5, 7,5 und 10 mg Prednison 11,9±2,2 bzw. 15,9±3,4 und 21,5±5,9 µg/dl. Die Serumhalbwertszeit von ca 5 1/2 h läßt nach Gabe von entsprechend höheren Dosen noch auf das Vorkommen meßbarer Serumkonzentrationen nach 2 Tagen schließen. Da Prednisolon die meisten Meßmethoden für Cortisol beeinflußt, empfehlen wir, 2 Tage vor einer Cortisolbestimmung die Prednisontherapie abzusetzen. Die bei nebennierenrindeninsuffizienten Patienten ermittelte erniedrigte metabolische Clearancerate (56,0±7,2 1/24 h/m2) führen wir auf Alterationen im Corticoidstoffwechsel, möglicherweise bedingt durch eine erhöhte Transcortinproduktion, zurück.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  1. Colburn WA, Buller RH (1973) Radioimmunoassay for prednisolone. Steroids 21:833–846

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dost FH (1968) Grundlagen der Pharmakokinetik, 2. Aufl. Thieme, Stuttgart

  3. Fell PJ (1972) Kinetic studies of cortisol and synthetic corticosteroids in man. Clin Endocrinol 1:65–72

    Google Scholar 

  4. Jenkins JS, Sampson PA (1967) Conversion of cortisone to cortisol and prednisone to prednisolone. Br Med J II:205–207

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kaiser H (1977) Cortisonderivate in Klinik und Praxis, 7. Aufl. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kley HK, Krüskemper HL (1978) Cortisolsubstitution bei Nebennierenrindeninsuffizienz. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 101:155–160

    Google Scholar 

  7. Köbberling J, vz Mühlen A (1972) Methodische Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung der Plasmacorticoide mit der Proteinbindungsmethode. Z Klin Chem Klin Biochem 10:67–73

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kozower M, Veatch L, Kaplan MM (1974) Decreased clearance of prednisolone, a factor in the development of corticosteroid side effects. J Clin Endocrinol 38:409–415

    Google Scholar 

  9. Leclercq R, Copinschi G (1974) Patterns of plasma levels of prednisolone after oral administration in man. J Pharmakokinet Biopharm 2 II:175–187

    Google Scholar 

  10. Meikle W, Weed JA, Tyler FH (1975) Kinetics and interconversion of prednisolone and prednisone studied with new radioimmunoassay. J Clin Endocrinol 41:717–721

    Google Scholar 

  11. Morris GH, DeRoche G, Caro CM (1973) Detection of synthetic corticosteroid analogues by the competitive protein-binding radioassay. Steroids 22:445–450

    Google Scholar 

  12. Murphy BEP (1975) Non-chromatographic radiotransinassay for cortisol: Application to human adult serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid. J Clin Endocrinol 41:1050–1057

    Google Scholar 

  13. Peterson RE (1959) The miscible pool and turnover of adrenocortical steroids in man. Rec Progr Hormone Res 15:231–253

    Google Scholar 

  14. Powell LW, Axelsen E (1972) Corticosteroids in liver disease: Studies on the biological conversion of prednisone to prednisolone and plasma protein binding. Gut 13:690–696

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sandberg DH, Bacallao CZ, Cleveland WW (1970) Measurement of plasma prednisolone by a competitive protein-binding assay. Biochem Med 4:383–390

    Google Scholar 

  16. Tait JF, Tait SAS, Little B, Laumas KR (1961) The disappearance of 7-H3-d-aldosterone in the plasma of normal subjects. J Clin Invest 40:72–80

    Google Scholar 

  17. Westphal U (1971) Steroid-protein interactions. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

v. Papen, C., Benker, G., Hackenberg, K. et al. Pharmakokinetik von Prednisolon bei Nebenniereninsuffizienz. Klin Wochenschr 60, 681–686 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01716801

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01716801

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation