Skip to main content
Log in

Ampicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam dilution tests with mixed cultures ofBacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli andEnterococcus

Verhalten von Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli und Enterococcus in gemischten Kulturen gegenüber Ampicillin und Ampicillin-Sulbactam

  • Originalia
  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Bacterial interactions in mixed infections may compromise antimicrobial therapy. Thein vitro bactericidal activity of ampicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam against aerobic/anaerobic mixed cultures ofBacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli andEnterococcus spp. was studied by means of broth dilution tests. The MBC of ampicillin forEnterococcus faecalis 6 was 0.25 mg/l when tested singly; in association withB. fragilis 1, however, the MBC forE. faecalis 6 was 16 mg/l. When tested singlyE. coli 9 andB. fragilis 1 were both killed by ampicillin at a concentration of 4 mg/l in combination with 1 mg/l sulbactam. When both strains were associated, the MBC forB. fragilis 1 rose to > 256 mg/l. Results obtained indicate that the behaviour of bacteria as determined in pure cultures is not necessarily identical with the antibiotic susceptibility present in mixed cultures. It was shown that, besides β-lactamase production by involved bacteria, other factors contribute to the alteration of bacterial susceptibility in mixed cultures. Synergistic and antagonistic effects between associated organisms were observed. For example, it was found that two moderately sensitive bacterial strains were resistant in mixed culture.

Zusammenfassung

Interaktionen zwischen verschiedenen Bakterienspezies können bei Mischinfektionen die Wirksamkeit antimikrobieller Therapien beeinflussen. DieIn-vitro-Aktivität von Ampicillin und Ampicillin- Sulbactam gegenüber gemischten Kulturen vonBacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli und Enterokokken wurde mit Hilfe einer Bouillonverdünnungsmethode untersucht. Die minimale bakterizide Konzentration (MBK) vonEnterococcus faecalis 6 gegenüber Ampicillin betrug in der Einzeltestung 0,25 mg/l; dagegen stieg sie in der Assoziation mitB. fragilis 1 auf 16 mg/l an. Die MBK-Werte vonE. coli 9 undB. fragilis 1 gegenüber Ampicillin plus 1 mg/l Sulbactam betrugen in den Einzeltestungen jeweils 4 mg/l. In deutlichem Gegensatz hierzu stieg die MBK vonB. fragilis 1 in der Assoziation beider Stämme auf > 256 mg/l. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse demonstrieren, daß dieIn vitro-Empfindlichkeit bakterieller Erreger in Reinkulturen nicht unbedingt ihrer Sensibilität in gemischten Kulturen entsprechen muß. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß neben der β-Laktamase-Bildung der involvierten Erreger als einem Mechanismus andere Faktoren zu den Änderungen der bakteriellen Sensibilität in gemischten Kulturen beitragen. Sowohl synergistische als auch antagonistische Effekte wurden zwischen den assoziierten Keimen beobachtet. Außerdem wurde Fälle gefunden, bei denen zwei moderat empfindliche Erreger in der gemischten Kultur hochresistent reagierten.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jokipii, A. M. M., Jokipii, L., Sipilä, P, Jokinen, K. Semiquantitative culture results and pathogenic significance of obligate anaerobes in peritonsillar abscesses. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26 (1988) 957–961.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rostein, O. D., Vittorini, T., Kao, J., McBurney, M. I., Nasmith, P. E., Grinstein, S. A soluble Bacteroides by-product impairs phagocytic killing ofEscherichia coli by neutrophils. Infect. Immun. 57 (1989) 745–753.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Brook, I. Enhancement of growth of aerobic and facultative bacteria in mixed infections withBacteroides species. Infect. Immun. 50 (1985) 929–931.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Stryt, B., Gorbach, S. L. Recent developments in the understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of anaerobic infections. N. Engl. J. Med. 321 (1989) 298–302.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Stryt, B., Gorbach, S. L. Recent developments in the understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of anaerobic infections. N. Engl. J. Med. 321 (1989) 240–246.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Werner, H. Anaerobier-Infektionen. Pathogenese, Klinik, Therapie, Diagnostik. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Soriano, F., Ponte, M. C., Santamaria, M. Activity of cefotaxime and metronidazole againstBacteroides andEscherichia coli alone and in mixed culture. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 12 (1983) 89–92.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Werner, H. Comparativein vitro activity of Sch 34343, imipenem, and moxalactam againstBacteroides species and associations of anaerobes and aerobes. Chemotherapia 4 Suppl. 2 (1985) 296–297.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Brook, I. The role of β-lactamase-producing bacteria in the failure of penicillin to eradicate group A steptococci. Ped. Infect. Dis. 4 (1985) 491–495.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gisby, J., Beale, A. S. Comparative efficacies of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid and ampicillin-sulbactam against experimentalBacteroides fragilis-Escherichia coli mixed infections. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 33 (1988) 1830–1833.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Heizmann, W. R., Heilmann, F., Egeler, B., Werner, H. Efficacy of sulbactam in anin vitro model of mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections. Infection 18 (1990) 117–121.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Werner, H., Heizmann, W. R., Freuer, G., Mitinis, N., Heilmann, F. Efficacy of clavulanate-potentiated antibiotics againstBacteroides species and artificially associated cultures of aerobes and anaerobes. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 4 (1989) Suppl. B, 55–61.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Heizmann, W. R., Schmid, R., Heilmann, F., Werner, H. Association experiments with aerobic and anaerobic pathogens: a model ofin vitro susceptibility testing in mixed infections. Activity of enoxacin, clindamycin, and metronidazole. Infection 17 (1989) 160–164.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Heilmann, F. Ampicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam dilution tests with mixed cultures ofBacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli andEnterococcus . Infection 21, 187–190 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01710545

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01710545

Keywords

Navigation