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Aerosolized pentamidine versus i. v. pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis ofPneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Sekundär-Prophylaxe der Pneumocystis carinii-Pneumonie mit Pentamidin über Vernebler oder i. v.

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Summary

The efficacy and toxicity of aerosolized pentamidine was evaluated in 78 AIDS patients given 60 mg biweekly as secondary prophylaxis againstPneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Patients were monitored for clinical progression and mortality and were compared to 42 historical controls given 200–300 mg i. v. pentamidine biweekly. The relapse rates did not differ markedly between the two groups, and the PCP-free rates in survivors were at 12 months 0.83 and 0.77, respectively. Seventy-one new AIDS-defining events and 25 deaths were recorded in patients on aerosolized pentamidine compared to 29 AIDS events and two deaths in patients on intravenous pentamidine. Recurrent PCP contributed to death in only one case of the aerosolized pentamidine group. PCP is not a serious clinical problem in immunodeficient patients taking pentamidine prophylaxis by either route compared to the progression of clinical HIV disease and death.

Zusammenfassung

Bei 78 AIDS- Patienten wurde eine Sekundär-Prophylaxe gegen diePneumocystis carinii- Pneumonie (PCP) mit Pentamidin in einer Dosis von 60 mg alle zwei Wochen durchgeführt. Dabei wurde die Wirksamkeit und Toxizität der über Vernebler als Aerosol verabreichten Form geprüft. Die Patienten wurden hinsichtlich klinischer Progression und Mortalität ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit 42 historischen Kontrollen verglichen, bei denen alle zwei Wochen 200–300 mg Pentamidin i. v. verabreicht worden war. Die beiden Gruppen unterschieden sich nicht wesentlich in den Rezidivraten. Bei den Patienten, die 12 Monate überlebten, waren die PCP-freien Raten 0,83 und 0,77 in den beiden Gruppen. Bei Patienten, die die Aerosol-Form erhielten, waren 71 neue AIDS-definierende Episoden und 25 Todesfälle, bei den i. v. behandelten Patienten 29 Episoden und zwei Todesfälle aufgetreten. In nur einem Fall der Studiengruppe war ein PCP-Rezidiv für den Tod mit verantwortlich. Bei beiden Applikationsformen von Pentamidin stellt die PCP bei immundefizienten HIV-infizierten Patienten, die die Prophylaxe durchführen, verglichen mit der Progression der durch HIV- verursachten Krankheit und Mortalität, kein wesentliches Problem dar.

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Lidman, C., Berglund, O., Lindbäck, S. et al. Aerosolized pentamidine versus i. v. pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis ofPneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Infection 21, 146–149 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01710531

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01710531

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