Abstract
The major immunogenic protein VP2 from a pathogenic field isolate (variant A virus) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was cloned and sequenced to examine antigenic variations. The VP2 open reading frame consists of 1509 nucleotides and codes for a 503 amino acid protein. Overall, the VP2 amino acid sequence of the variant A virus shares 98.6% identity with VP2 genes from other published IBDV strains. However, within the central region of VP2 (amino acids 222–334) lies a highly divergent area that we have termed thevariable domain. Relative to five other IBDV isolates, a total of six amino acid changes occur within the variable domain of the variant A virus. At positions 284–288, a substitution of isoleucine to threonine, a decrease in the number of Chou and Fasman β turns, and a switch from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic region are found only in the variant A virus. Together these changes predict a decrease in antigenicity as determined by calculation of potential antigenic sites. This suggests that only minor changes within VP2 contributed to the emergence of a variant virus that can cause disease in immunized birds.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lukert P.D. and Hitchner S.B. in Calnek B.W., Barnes C.W., Reid W.M., and Yoder Jr. H.W. (eds).Diseases of Poultry. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA, 1991, pp. 648–663.
Sharma J.M., Dupuy J.M., and Lamontagne L. in Specter S., Bendinelli M., and Friedman H. (eds).Virus-Induced Immunosuppression. Plenum, New York, 1989, pp. 201–216.
Kibenge F.S.B., Dhillon A.S., and Russell R.G., J Gen Virol69 1757–1775, 1988.
Rosenberger J.K., Cloud S.S., and Metz A., Proc West Poult Dis Conf36 105–109, 1987.
Lukert P.D., Marzariegos L.A., and Craft D.W., Proc Am Vet Med Assoc Conf127 105, 1990.
Sharma J.M., Dohms J.E., and Metz A.L., Avian Dis33 112–124, 1989.
Snyder, D.B., Avian Pathol19 419–423, 1990.
Snyder D.B., Lana D.P., Cho B.R., and Marquardt W.W., Avian Dis32 527–534, 1988.
Snyder D.B., Lana D.P., Savage P.K., Yancey F.S., Mengel S.A., and Marquardt W.W., Avian Dis32 535–539, 1988.
Snyder D.B., Broiler Ind52 84–102, 1989.
Giambrone J.J., Poultry Dig46 116–120, 1987.
Azad A.A., Barrett S.A., and Fahey K.J., Virology143 35–44, 1985.
Hudson P.J., McKern N.M., Power B.E., and Azad A.A., Nucleic Acids Res14 5001–5012, 1986.
Kibenge F.S.B., Jackwood D.J., and Mercado C.C., J Gen Virol71 569–577, 1990.
Azad A.A., Jagadish M.N., Brown M.A., and Hudson P.J., Virology161 145–152, 1987.
Fahey K.J., Erny K., and Crooks J., J Gen Virol70 1473–1481, 1989.
Gubler U. and Hoffman B.J., Gene25 263–269, 1983.
Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., and Maniatis T. (eds),Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 1989.
Kraft R., Tardiff J., Krauter K.S., and Leinwand L.A., Biotechniques6 544–546, 1988.
Deverux J., Haeberli P., and Smithies O., Nucleic Acids Res12 387–395, 1984.
Bayliss C.D., Spies U., Shaw K., Peters R.W., Papageorgiou A., Muller H., and Boursnell M.E.G., J Gen Virol71 1303–1312, 1990.
Jagadish M.N., Stanton V.J., Hudson P.J., and Azad A.A., J Virol62 1084–1087, 1988.
Jameson B.A. and Wolf H., Cabios4 181–186, 1988.
Cursiefen D., Kaufer I., and Becht H. Arch Virol59 39–46, 1979.
Lange H., Muller H., Kaufer I., and Becht H., Arch Virol92 187–196, 1987.
McFerran J.B., McNulty M.S., McKillop E.R., Connor T.J., McCraken R.M., Collins D.S., and Allan G.M., Avian Pathol9 395–404, 1980.
Snyder D.B. and Vakharia V.N., Proc Am Vet Med Assoc Conf127 105, 1990.
Wood G.W., Drury S.E.N., Hourigan B.M.E., Muskett J.C., Thorton, D.H., and Fahey K.J., Aust Vet J65 94–95, 1988.
Van Der Marel P., Snyder D., and Lutticken D., Dtsch Tierarztl Wschr97 81–83, 1990.
Becht H., Muller H., and Muller H.K., J Gen Virol69 631–640, 1988.
Gojobori T. and Yokoyama S., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA82 4198–4201, 1985.
Holland J., Spindler K., Horodyski F., Grabau E., Nichol S., and VandePol S., Science215 1577–1585, 1982.
Steinhauer D.A. and Holland J.J., Ann Rev Microbiol41 409–433, 1987.
Webster R.G., Laver W.G., Air G.M., and Schild G.C., Nature296 115–121, 1982.
Martinez M.A., Carrillo C., Plana J., Mascarella R., Bergada J., Palma E.L., Domingo E., and Sobrino F., Gene62 75–84, 1988.
Toyoda H., Kohara M., Katoaka Y., Suganuma T., Omata T., Imura N., and Nomoto A., J Mol Biol174 561–585, 1984.
Jameson B.A., Bonin J., Wimmer E., and Kew O.M., Virology143 337–341, 1985.
Hahn B.H., Shaw G.M., Taylor M.E., Redfield R.R., Markham P.D., Salahuddin S.Z., Wong-Staal F., Gallo R.C., Parks E.S., and Parks W.P., Science232 1548–1553, 1986.
Buonagurio D.A., Nakada S., Parvin J.D., Krystal M., Palese P., and Fitch W.M., Science232 980–982, 1986.
Webster R.G. and Rott R., Cell50 665–666, 1987.
Evans D.M.A., Dunn G., Minor P.D., Schild G.C., Cann A.J., Stanway G., Almond J.W., Currey K., and Maizel J.V., Jr., Nature314 548–550, 1985.
Dietzschold B., Wunner W.H., Wiktor T.J., Lopes A.D., LaFon M., Smith C.L., and Koprowski H., Proc Natl Acad Sci80 70–74, 1983.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lana, D.P., Beisel, C.E. & Silva, R.F. Genetic mechanisms of antigenic variation in infectious bursal disease virus: Analysis of a naturally occurring variant virus. Virus Genes 6, 247–259 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01702563
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01702563